أرشيف لشهر اغسطس ، 2006
2006 في الساعة 11:34 المحفوظة في 31 آب / اغسطس بموجب القوانين الليمون
البنود التي تشملها ولاية ايداهو الليمون القانون
السيارات الجديدة التي تستخدم عادة لأغراض شخصية أو عائلية أو أغراض المنزلية ، وبيع أو المرخصة في هذه الدولة ، فيما عدا الدراجات النارية والجرارات الزراعية والمقطورات المنزل أو أي مركبة آلية مع GVWR أكثر من 12000 £.
ايداهو الليمون القانون قد تنطبق إذا حدث ما يلي
محاولات إصلاح 4 -- 30 أيام عمل خارج الخدمة
طول الوقت ، أو ميلا قبل الليمون قانون ولاية ايداهو نفدت
2 سنوات أو 24،000 ميل.
الليمون القانون في ولاية ايداهو
48-901. التعاريف
لأغراض هذا الفصل ، على النحو التالي لها المعاني التالية :
(1) "المستهلك" يعني المشتري أو المستأجر ، بخلاف لأغراض إعادة البيع أو تأجير من الباطن ، للسيارة الجديدة المستخدمة لاستخدام الشركات التجارية والشخصية شخصية أو عائلية أو أغراض المنزلية ، أو الشخص الذي السيارات الجديدة يتم نقل لنفس الغرض خلال مدة صريح الضمان المطبقة على السيارات.
(2) "تكاليف إنهاء الخدمة في وقت مبكر" تعني النفقات والالتزامات التي تحملتها محرك السيارة المؤجر نتيجة لالإنهاء المبكر لاتفاق الإيجار المكتوبة وتسليم السيارات إلى الصانع تحت الباب 48-904 ، أيداهو القانون ، بما في ذلك العقوبات عن الدفع المسبق من الترتيبات المالية.
(3) "غير رسمية آلية تسوية المنازعات" وسائل عملية التحكيم أو الإجراء الذي الصانع من المحاولات الرامية إلى حل النزاعات مع المستهلكين بشأن السيارات وتصليح السيارات لا يطابقون المواصفات التي تنشأ خلال فترة الضمان للمركبة.
(4) "عقد الإيجار" يعني العقد في شكل عقد الإيجار أو إطلاق سراح بكفالة لاستخدام الممتلكات الشخصية من شخص طبيعي لفترة من الزمن تزيد على أربعة (4) أشهر ، وتستخدم لاستخدام الشركات التجارية الشخصية ، شخصية أو عائلية ، أو أغراض المنزلية ، سواء كان أو لم يكن المستأجر لديه خيار لشراء أو غير ذلك تصبح مالك العقار عند انتهاء عقد الإيجار.
(5) "الصانع" تعني أي شخص يعمل في مجال تصنيع وتجميع أو توزيع السيارات ، والذي سيكون ، في ظل ظروف العمل العادية خلال العام ، وتصنيع وتجميع أو توزيعها على تجار لا يقل عن عشرة (10) السيارات الجديدة.
(6) "ضمان الصانع أعرب عن" و "الضمان" يعني الخطية الضمان من الشركة المصنعة للسيارة جديدة من شرط واللياقة البدنية للاستخدام ، بما في ذلك أي أحكام أو شروط سابقة لتنفيذ الالتزامات بموجب هذا الضمان.
(7) "السيارات" يعني السيارات على النحو المحدد في الفصل 1 ، الباب 49 ، قانون ولاية ايداهو ، والتي يتم بيعها أو المرخص لها في هذه الولاية ولكنه لا يشمل :
(دراجة نارية) أو مزرعة جرار على النحو المحدد في الفروع و49-107 49-114 ، أيداهو القانون ، أو
(ب) مقطورة على النحو المحدد في الفرع 49-121 ، أيداهو القانون ، أو
(ج) أي مركبة آلية مع الوزن الإجمالي لادن أكثر من 12000 (12000) جنيه.
(8) "موتور السيارة المؤجر" تعني الشخص الذي يحمل عنوان لسيارة المستأجرة إلى المستأجر بموجب عقد الإيجار مكتوبة أو الذين يحملون وحقوق المؤجر بموجب اتفاق من هذا القبيل.
48-902. الشركة المصنعة لاصلاح الفريضة
إذا كان السيارات الجديدة لا تتفق مع جميع أعرب عن الضمانات الواجبة التطبيق ، والمستهلك تقارير عدم المطابقة إلى الصانع ، وكيلها ، أو المأذون تاجر خلال فترة أعرب عن الضمانات للتطبيق أو خلال فترة تتراوح بين سنتين (2) سنة التالية تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمستهلك ، أو خلال الفترة المنتهية مع التاريخ الذي الأميال عن السيارات يصل إلى 24000 (24000) ميلا ، أيهما أقرب وقت ممكن ، الصانع ، و وكيل ، أو المأذون به تاجر يتخذ الإصلاحات اللازمة لمطابقة السيارة لأعرب عن الضمانات الواجبة التطبيق ، على الرغم من أن يتم إجراء إصلاحات بعد انتهاء فترة الضمان أو اثنين الفترة من العام الماضي (2).
48-903. واجب الشركة المصنعة لاسترداد أو يحلوا محل
(1) إذا كان الصانع ، وكلائها ، أو التجار المأذون به غير قادر على مطابقة السيارات الجديدة إلى أي تعبير عن الضمان المطبقة عن طريق إصلاح أو تصحيح أي عيب أو شرط الذي يعوق استخدام أو القيمة السوقية للسيارة إلى المستهلك بعد عدد معقول من المحاولات ، ويقوم الصانع إما أن يحل محل السيارات الجديدة مع سيارة مماثلة أو قبول عودة المركبة من المستهلكين وإعادة الأموال إلى المستهلك المبلغ المدفوع المستهلك للسيارة ، بما في ذلك أي قيمة التجارة في ، لا يتجاوز 105 في المئة (105 ٪) من الشركة المصنعة واقترح سعر التجزئة للسيارة. واقترح الصانع سعر التجزئة يجب أن تشمل جميع الصانع تثبيت الخيارات. من 105 في المئة (105 ٪) الحد الأقصى يجب أن تشمل تكلفة أي خيارات أو غيرها من التعديلات التي رتبت ، تثبيت ، أو التي أدلى بها وكيل الشركة المصنعة ، أو تاجر المأذون به في غضون أيام (30) والثلاثين بعد تاريخ التسليم الأصلي. ويقوم الصانع إعادة الأموال إلى المستهلك بما في ذلك جميع الرسوم الأخرى ، ولكن ليس على سبيل الحصر ، والمبيعات أو ضريبة المكوس ، رسوم الترخيص ورسوم التسجيل ، وتسديد تكاليف سحب والنفقات التي تكبدتها استئجار سيارة للمستهلك نتيجة للمركبة يجري خارج الخدمة ل إصلاح الضمان. تخصم بدل معقول لاستخدام المستهلك للسيارة من إعادة الأموال إلى المستهلك لا يتجاوز عدد الأميال التي تعزى إلى المستهلك حتى موعد عقد جلسة التحكيم مضروبا في سعر شراء السيارة ومقسوما على واحد 100000 (100000). إذا كان المصنع يوفر وسيلة بديلة في إطار هذا الباب ، فإن المستهلك لديه خيار استبدال السيارة رفض والطلب من الشركة المصنعة لتوفير المبلغ. يجب أن تكون المبالغ المستردة للمستهلك ، وlienholder ، إن وجدت ، ومصالحها تظهر على محاضر قسم السيارات التابع لإدارة النقل ولاية ايداهو. ويجب على الشركة المصنعة تعطي للمستهلك في بيان مفصل قائمة كل من المبالغ التي تحت هذا الباب. إذا كان مقدار المبيعات أو ضريبة المكوس ردها لم يذكر على حدة ، أو إذا كان الصانع لا ينطبق لاسترداد الضريبة في السنة (1) واحدة من العودة من السيارات ، واللجنة الحكومية للضرائب قد استرداد الضريبة ، كما هو محدد بموجب الفقرة الفرعية (8) من هذا الباب ، إلى المستهلك مباشرة وlienholder ، إن وجدت ، ومصالحها تظهر على محاضر قسم السيارات. وهو الدفاع الإيجابي لأية مطالبة بموجب هذا الفصل (أ) أن عدم المطابقة المزعومة أمر لا ينتقص من استخدام أو القيمة السوقية ، أو (ب) أن عدم المطابقة هو نتيجة لسوء المعاملة أو الإهمال ، أو إدخال تعديلات غير مصرح بها أو إجراء تعديلات على السيارات مركبة من قبل أي شخص غير الصانع ، وكيلها أو المأذون تاجر.
(2) ومن المفترض أن اتخذت عددا معقولا من محاولات لتتفق مع سيارة جديدة لأعرب عن الضمانات الواجبة التطبيق ، إذا كان (أ) عدم المطابقة قد خضعت لإصلاح نفسه أربعة (4) مرات أو أكثر من قبل الشركة المصنعة ، وكلائها ، أو التجار المأذون به في فترة الضمان الصريح للتطبيق أو خلال فترة تتراوح بين سنتين (2) سنوات من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمستهلك أو خلال الفترة المنتهية مع التاريخ الذي الأميال عن السيارة تصل إلى 24000 (24000) ميلا ، أيهما أقرب وقت ممكن ، ولكن اللامثالية لا تزال قائمة. ومع ذلك ، فإن الصانع واحد على الأقل (1) الفرصة لمحاولة إصلاح السيارة قبل أن يفترض وجود عدد معقول من المحاولات التي بذلت لتتفق مع السيارة على الضمان وأعرب عن تطبيق ، أو (ب) المركبة خارج الخدمة بسبب اصلاح لبلغ المجموع التراكمي للثلاثين (30) يوما أو أكثر خلال فترة عمل أو خلال هذه الفترة ، أيهما اقرب وقت.
(3) إذا كانت النتائج المطابقة في الفشل الكامل للنظام الكبح أو توجيه من السيارات الجديدة ، ومن المرجح أن تتسبب في وفاة أو إصابات بدنية خطيرة إذا كانت المركبة ، يفترض أن عدد معقول من المحاولات وقد اضطلع ليتطابق السيارة لأعرب عن الضمانات الواجبة التطبيق إذا كان عدم المطابقة تخضع لإصلاح ما لا يقل عن مرة واحدة من قبل الشركة المصنعة ، وكلائها ، أو التجار المأذون به في فترة الضمان الصريح للتطبيق أو خلال فترة تتراوح بين سنتين (2) سنة بعد الميلاد التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمستهلك أو خلال الفترة المنتهية مع التاريخ الذي الأميال عن السيارات يصل إلى 24000 (24000) ميلا ، أيهما أقرب وقت ممكن ، وعدم المطابقة لا تزال قائمة. ومع ذلك ، فإن الصانع واحد على الأقل (1) الفرصة لمحاولة إصلاح السيارة قبل أن يفترض وجود عدد معقول من المحاولات التي بذلت لتتفق مع السيارة على الضمان وأعرب عن المعمول بها.
(4) ومدة الضمان وأعرب عن تطبيق ، وهما الفترة من العام الماضي (2) ، وفترة الثلاثين يوما (30) من قبل أي تمديد الفترة الزمنية التي اصلاح الخدمات ليست متاحة للمستهلك بسبب الحرب ، الغزو ، الإضراب ، أو الحرائق أو الفيضانات أو الكوارث الطبيعية الأخرى.
(5) والافتراض الوارد في الفقرة الفرعية (2) من هذه المادة ينطبق على الصانع إلا إذا كان الصانع ، وكيلها ، أو المأذون به تاجر إعلام تلقت خطية مسبقة من أو نيابة عن المستهلك على الأقل مرة واحدة وفرصة للشفاء الخلل المزعوم. يجب إذا تلقت إخطارا من وكيل الشركة المصنعة أو مرخص لها ، وكيل أو موزع إحالته إلى الشركة المصنعة عن طريق البريد المسجل ، وطلب استلام العودة. ومع ذلك ، إذا لم يتم إخطار الشركة المصنعة سواء من جانب المستهلكين أو وكيل الشركة المصنعة أو أذن تاجر ، ثم يقوم الصانع واحد على الأقل (1) فرصة لعلاج الخلل المزعوم.
(6) وانقضاء الفترات الزمنية المنصوص عليها في البند (2) من هذه المادة لا تمنع المستهلك من الحصول على استرداد أو استبدال السيارة بموجب الفقرة الفرعية (1) من هذه المادة إذا كان عدد لا بأس به من محاولات لتصحيح عدم المطابقة التسبب والحرمان بدرجة كبيرة تحدث في غضون ثلاثة (3) سنوات من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمستهلك ، قدمت للمستهلك لاول مرة عدم المطابقة إلى الصانع ، وكيلها ، أو المأذون تاجر خلال الفترة من التعبير عن تطبيق الضمان.
(7) والشركة المصنعة للتقدم إلى وكيلها أو وكيل وأذن ، في وقت الشراء أو الإيجار ، الشركة المصنعة وكيل أو أذن تاجر يتعين عليه أن يقدم بيانا خطيا إلى المستهلك في دليل محرك جديد كفالة السيارة ، في نقطة 10 جميع نوع رأس المال ، وبدرجة كبيرة في الشكل التالي "هام إذا هذه السيارة معيبة ، قد يكون من حق بموجب الليمون القانون للدولة إلى استبدال تقنية المعلومات أو استرداد ثمن شرائها مبالغ مالية أو عقد الإيجار الخاص بك. ومع ذلك ، ليكون لهم الحق في استرداد أو استبدال ، فإنه يجب عليك إبلاغ أول الصانع ، وكيلها ، أو المأذون تاجر للمشكلة في كتابة ومنحهم فرصة لإصلاح السيارة. لديك أيضا الحق في تقديم قضيتك للمستهلك برنامج التحكيم التي يجب أن توفر الشركة المصنعة في هذه الدولة. "
(8) وكمية من المبيعات أو ضريبة المكوس التي يتعين دفعها من قبل الشركة المصنعة للمستهلك بموجب الفقرة الفرعية (1) من هذا الباب الضريبة المدفوعة من قبل المستهلكين عند شراء السيارة أقل مبلغا مساويا للضريبة المدفوعة مضروبة بواسطة الكسر ومقام وهو سعر شراء السيارة وبسط الذي هو بدل خصمها من المبلغ لاستخدام المستهلك للسيارة.
48-904. الصانع واجب للمستهلكين المركبات المستأجرة
والمستهلك الذي الإيجارات سيارة جديدة ونفس الحقوق ضد الشركة المصنعة تحت هذا الباب باعتبارها المستهلك الذي يشتري سيارة جديدة ، إلا أنه إذا تبين أن الشركة المصنعة يجب أن تقبل بعودة مركبة المستهلك المستأجرة عملا بالمادة 48 -903 ، أيداهو المدونة ، ثم المستأجر المستهلك لا يحق لهم الحصول على سيارة بديلة ، ولكن يحق فقط لاسترداد ما هو منصوص عليه في هذا الباب. في مثل هذه الحالة ، وتعاد المركبة المستهلك المؤجرة إلى الصانع والمستهلك الإيجار مكتوبة مع محرك السيارة يجب أن يكون المؤجر بعد إنهاء جميع التهم يتم تسويتها. الصانع يقدم للمستهلك مع كامل المبلغ لجميع التكاليف والرسوم المبينة أدناه أقل بدل معقول للاستخدام. الصانع يقدم إلى المستهلك استرداد مبلغ تناسبي أي الدفعة التي يدفعها المستهلك على عقد الإيجار مكتوب. ويبلغ مقدار تناسبيا لاسترداد مثل هذا المبلغ من دفعة مقسوما على عدد من أشهر من عقد الإيجار وهذا المبلغ مضروبا في عدد الأشهر المتبقية بعد تاريخ التحكيم. ويقوم الصانع أيضا استرداد المبالغ إلى المستهلك على النحو المحدد الرسوم الإضافية المنصوص عليها في الفرع 48-903 ، أيداهو القانون ، إذا كانت قد دفعت فعلا من قبل المستهلكين. ويقوم بدل معقول للاستخدام تكون مدفوعات الإيجار التي قام بها المستهلك حتى وقت منح استرداد. الصانع يقدم المؤجر السيارات أو المحال مع كامل المبلغ من التهم الإنهاء المبكر بالإضافة إلى القيمة المتبقية للمركبات ، على النحو المحدد في عقد الإيجار. ويبلغ مقدار أي رد من قبل الشركة المصنعة للمستهلك عن جزء من تناسبي من الدفعة الأولى بالإضافة إلى مبلغ إعادة الأموال إلى محرك السيارة أو المحال مؤجر من قبل الشركة المصنعة لا تتجاوز 105 في المئة (105 ٪) من السيارة اشارت الى ان الصانع الأصلي سعر التجزئة.
48-905. إعادة البيع أو إعادة تأجير تعيد المركبات
(1) إذا كانت سيارة قد عاد وفقا لأحكام الباب 48-903 ، أيداهو القانون ، أو النظام الأساسي مماثلة من دولة أخرى ، سواء كان ذلك نتيجة لإجراءات قانونية أو نتيجة لاجراءات تسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية ، فإنه قد لا تكون إعادة بيعها أو إعادة تأجيرها في هذه الحالة إلا إذا :
(أ) الصانع يقدم نفسه أعرب عن الضمان أنها قدمت إلى المشتري الأصلي ، إلا أن فترة الضمان الحاجة الماضي فقط لميل (12000) 12000 أو اثني عشر شهرا (12) بعد تاريخ إعادة البيع ، أيهما أسبق ؛ و
تم إرجاع (ب) والشركة المصنعة يوفر للمستهلك مع بيان مكتوب على قطعة منفصلة من الورق ، في نقطة 10 جميع أنواع رأس المال ، وبدرجة كبيرة في الشكل التالي "مهمة هذه الحافلة للان شركة التي لم تتناسب مع التعبير عن الشركة الصانعة وفاء سلطان لم يشف الضمان وعدم المطابقة في غضون فترة معقولة وفقا للقانون ولاية ايداهو. "
أحكام هذا الفصل تنطبق على بيعها أو إعادة تأجيرها السيارات لفترة ولاية كاملة من الضمان المطلوبة بموجب هذا القسم. إذا كان الصانع لديها برنامج مماثل لمتطلبات هذه الفقرة الفرعية ، وأنه يوفر البرنامج ، كحد أدنى ، إلى حد كبير بنفس الحماية للمستهلكين لاحقة ، ثم الصانع ويعتبر ليكون في الامتثال لهذا الفرع.
(2) على الرغم من أحكام البند (1) من هذا الباب ، إذا سيارة جديدة وقد عاد وفقا لأحكام الباب 48-903 ، أيداهو القانون ، أو النظام الأساسي مماثلة من دولة أخرى بسبب عدم المطابقة مما أدى إلى إكمال فشل نظام الكبح أو توجيه من السيارات من المرجح أن تتسبب في وفاة أو إصابات بدنية خطيرة إذا كانت مدفوعة السيارة ولم فشل إصلاح من قبل الصانع ، وكيلها أو المأذون تاجر ، قد لا تكون السيارات في بيعها هذه الدولة.
48-906. آلية تسوية المنازعات البديلة
(1) أي الصانع ممارسة الأعمال التجارية في هذه الولاية ، في ابرام اتفاقات امتياز لبيع السيارات في هذه الدولة ، أو تقديم ضمانات صريحة على السيارات التي تباع أو توزع للبيع في هذه الحالة سوف تعمل ، أو المشاركة في ، وهو غير رسمي آلية تسوية المنازعات التي تقع في ولاية ايداهو الذي يتوافق مع أحكام الباب 16 ، مدونة الأنظمة الاتحادية ، الجزء 703 ، ومتطلبات هذا القسم. أحكام الفرع 48-903 ، أيداهو قانون بشأن استرداد أو استبدال لا تنطبق على المستهلك الذي لم استخدم لأول مرة هذه الآلية قبل بدء دعوى مدنية ، إلا إذا كان الصانع يسمح للمستهلك لبدء العمل من دون الأول باستخدام هذه الآلية.
يجوز ، (2) لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية آلية المنصوص عليها في هذا الفصل في الوقت الذي طلب التحكيم يتم ، أن تقدم إلى المستهلك ، وإلى كل شخص سوف التحكيم النزاع المستهلك ، من المعلومات حول هذا الفصل كما وافقت ويديرها النائب العام ، بالتشاور مع الأطراف المعنية. وعلى آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية أن يسمح للأطراف أو تقديم أي عرض الحجج التي تستند إلى هذا الفصل ، وتحظر أو لا تشجع على النظر في أي حجج من هذا القبيل.
(3) إذا ، في آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية ، تقرر أنه يحق للمستهلك لسيارة استبدال أو استرداد بموجب المادة 48-903 ، أيداهو القانون ، فإن أي رد أو استبدال المقدمة من قبل الشركة المصنعة أو اختيارهم من قبل ليكون المستهلك وتشمل بندا بندا وجميع المبالغ التي أذن بها الفرع 48-903 قانون ولاية ايداهو. إذا كان مقدار الضريبة ردها لم يذكر على حدة ، أو إذا كان الصانع لا ينطبق لاسترداد الضريبة في السنة (1) واحدة من العودة من السيارات ، واللجنة الحكومية للضرائب قد استرداد ضريبة المبيعات ، كما يحدد بموجب الفقرة الفرعية (8) من القسم 48-903 ، أيداهو قانون ، إلى المستهلك مباشرة وlienholder ، إن وجدت ، ومصالحها تظهر على محاضر قسم السيارات التابع لإدارة النقل ولاية ايداهو.
(4) أي وثائق لا تقبل أية آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير رسمية ما لم تكن قد قدمت هذه الوثائق إلى كل من الطرفين في هذا النزاع في أو قبل اجتماع الآلية ، مع فرصة للطرفين للتعليق على الوثائق سواء في الكتابة أو شفويا. إذا كان المستهلك هو حاضرا أثناء اجتماع لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية آلية ، ويجوز للمستهلك طلب تأجيل اجتماع آلية لإتاحة الوقت الكافي لمراجعة أي الوثائق التي قدمت في ذلك الوقت للاجتماع التي لم تعرض على المستهلك قبل الاجتماع.
(5) وتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية آلية تسمح لكل طرف أن يظهر وتقديم عرض شفوي في ولاية ايداهو ، ما لم يوافق المستهلك على عرض النزاع لاتخاذ قرار على أساس وثائق وحدها أو عن طريق الهاتف ، أو ما لم يكن الطرف فشل يبدو للحصول على العرض الشفوي معقولة قبل بعد إشعار خطي. ومع ذلك ، قد الشركة المنتجة أو ممثلها مشاركة في الاجتماع غير الرسمي لآلية تسوية المنازعات عن طريق الهاتف إذا أراد. إذا كان المستهلك توافق على عرض النزاع لاتخاذ قرار على أساس الوثائق وحدها ، ثم الصانع أو تاجر الممثلين قد لا يشارك في المناقشة أو قرار للنزاع.
(6) المستهلكون أن تعطى فرصة كافية للطعن التأكيد على الشركة الصانعة أن اللامثالية يندرج ضمن المقصود مواصفات السيارة عن طريق الحصول على أساس من ادعاء الشركة الصانعة تقييم من قبل الخبراء التقنيين المختارة ودفع ثمنها من قبل المستهلكين قبل النزاع غير رسمية تسوية السمع.
(7) في حال كانت هناك محاولة الأخيرة من قبل الشركة المصنعة لإصلاح السيارة على المستهلك ، ولكن لم يتم بعد الرد الذي تلقته آلية المنازعات بصورة غير رسمية من المستهلك بشأن ما إذا كان تم بنجاح الإصلاحات ، يجب أن يعطى للطرفين فرصة لتقديم أي معلومات إضافية بشأن محاولة الشركة المصنعة إصلاح الأخيرة قبل اتخاذ أي قرار نهائي صادر عن آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية. وينطبق هذا الحكم لا يخل بحقوق المستهلك في إطار هذا الفصل.
(8) إذا كان الصانع يعلم أن نشرة الخدمات التقنية ينطبق مباشرة للمشكلة ميكانيكية محددة يجري المتنازع عليها من قبل المستهلكين ، ثم الصانع يقدم نشرة الخدمات التقنية للمستهلك بسعر التكلفة المعقولة بناء على طلبها. وعلى أي آلية استعراض من هذا القبيل نشرات الخدمات التقنية المقدمة من أي من الطرفين.
قد (9) والمستهلكين قد تكون رسما للاشتراك في آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية المطلوبة من قبل هذا الفصل ، ولكن الرسوم لا تتجاوز ايداع رسوم محكمة الصلح في المحافظة حيث تم إجراء التحكيم.
(10) يجوز لأي طرف من أطراف النزاع الحق في أن يمثله محام في آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية.
(11) وآلية تسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية لديه كل الصلاحيات الممنوحة جمع الأدلة محكم وفقا لقانون التحكيم الموحد.
(12) إصدار قرار في آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية التي يتطلبها هذا القسم قد يكون خطيا وموقعا.
48-907. تأثير وقبول قرار غير رسمية آلية تسوية المنازعات
القرار الذي صدر في آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية المطلوبة من قبل هذا الفصل هو غير ملزم للأطراف المعنية ، ما لم يتفق الطرفان على خلاف ذلك. ويجوز لأي طرف ، بناء على طلب ، وإزالة قرار محكمة المقاطعة لمحاكمة من جديد. يجب إذا كان المتضرر من قبل الشركة المصنعة لقرار آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية ، لإزالة تطبيق القرار أن يودع في المحكمة المحلية في غضون أيام (30) والثلاثين بعد تاريخ استلام القرار من جانب الطرفين. إذا كان التطبيق لإزالة لم يتم في غضون ثلاثين (30) يوما ، ثم يكون في محكمة المقاطعة ، بناء على طلب أحد الطرفين ، إصدار أمر يؤكد هذا القرار. قرار خطي صادر عن آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية ، وأية نتائج المكتوبة التي يستند إليها القرار ، مقبولة كدليل غير ملزم في أي عمل قانونية لاحقة وليست خاضعة لمتطلبات مؤسسة أخرى.
48-908. ثلاثة أضعاف الأضرار التي لنداء سوء نية المقرر
وإذا كانت محكمة المقاطعة يجد أن طرفا أزال قرار من آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية في سوء النية ، من خلال تأكيدها على المطالبة أو الدفاع عن أي عابث ومكلفة للطرف الآخر ، أو من خلال تأكيدها على موقف أساس لها من الصحة فقط لتأخير الانتعاش من الطرف الآخر ، ثم يجب على المحكمة أن الجائزة لحزب السائدة ثلاثة (3) مرات الأضرار الفعلية المستدامة ، إلى جانب التكاليف وأتعاب المحاماة.
48-909. الانتصاف المدنية
ويجوز لأي المستهلك أصيب انتهاك من هذا الفصل رفع دعوى مدنية لتنفيذ هذا الفصل واسترداد التكاليف والنفقات ، بما في ذلك أتعاب المحاماة المعقولة التي تكبدها في الدعوى المدنية. ومع ذلك ، فإن أحكام هذا البند لا تشمل استرداد أتعاب المحاماة التي تكبدتها سابقا في سياق تسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية. بالإضافة إلى وسائل الانتصاف المنصوص عليها فيها ، والنائب العام ، قد عندما تكون في المصلحة العامة ، ورفع دعوى وفقا لقانون حماية المستهلك ولاية ايداهو ، الفصل 6 ، والعنوان 48 ، قانون ولاية ايداهو ، ضد أي انتهاك المصنعة لهذا الفصل. ولأغراض هذا العمل ، وانتهاكات من هذا الفصل على اعتبار أن ولاية ايداهو في انتهاكات قانون حماية المستهلك. في أي إجراء من هذا القبيل ، يتعين على المدعي العام والمحكمة المحلية لديهم السلطة نفسها التي تمنح النائب العام ومحكمة المقاطعة تحت حماية قانون ولاية ايداهو المستهلك.
48-910. قيود على الإجراءات
الدعوى المدنية المرفوعة بموجب هذا الفصل يجب أن تبدأ في غضون ثلاثة (3) سنوات من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمستهلك ، إلا أنه إذا كان المستهلك ينطبق على آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية خلال ثلاثة (3) سنوات من ويجب أن تبدأ من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمستهلك ، وإذا كان المتضرر هو المستهلك بقرار من آلية لتسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية ، ثم أي استئناف لهذا القرار المرفوعة بموجب هذا الفصل في غضون ثلاثة (3) أشهر من تاريخ القرار النهائي من قبل الآلية.
48-911. الانتصاف غير حصري
ليس في هذا الفصل يحد من حقوق أو تعويضات التي هي على خلاف ذلك المتاحة للمستهلك بموجب أي قانون آخر.
48-912. شرط الكشف عن المعلومات
بالإضافة إلى أية صلاحيات التحقيق التي أذن بها القانون ، يجوز للمدعي العام بفحص السجلات لآلية تسوية المنازعات غير الرسمية بناء على إشعار معقول ، خلال ساعات العمل العادية ، ويمكن أن توفر للجمهور معلومات حول تشغيل هذه الآلية ، لكن البيانات الصادرة يوم قد لا حالة فردية يتم الكشف عنها دون موافقة مسبقة من الأطراف المتضررة.
48-913. تاجر المسؤولية
Nothing in this chapter imposes liability on a dealer or creates an additional cause of action by a consumer against a dealer, except for written express warranties made by the dealer apart from the manufacturer's warranties. The manufacturer shall not charge back or require reimbursement by the dealer for any costs, including, but not limited to, any refunds or vehicle replacements, incurred by the manufacturer arising out of this chapter, unless there is evidence that the related repairs had not been carried out by the dealer in a timely manner or in a manner substantially consistent with the manufacturer's published instructions.
August 31, 2006 at 11:34 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
البنود التي تشملها ولاية إلينوي الليمون القانون
سيارات الركوب والمركبات تحت £ 8000. والمركبات الترفيهية ، وتستخدم في المقام الأول عن الأسرة والشخصية والعائلية أو الأغراض ، باستثناء التخييم مقطورة أو مقطورة السفر أو الدراجات النارية.
إلينوي الليمون القانون قد تنطبق إذا حدث ما يلي
محاولات إصلاح 4 -- 30 أيام عمل خارج الخدمة
طول الوقت ، أو ميلا قبل الليمون قانون ولاية إلينوي نفدت
1 سنة أو 12،000 ميل ، أيهما أسبق.
الليمون القانون في ولاية إيلينوي
815 ILCS 380 / 1
ثانية. 1. يسمى هذا القانون ، ويمكن الاستشهاد ، بصفتها الوسيلة الجديدة قانون حماية المشتري. (المصدر : السلطة الفلسطينية 85-1350).
815 ILCS 380 / 2
ثانية. 2. التعاريف. لأغراض هذا القانون ، والكلمات التالية المعاني يرجع إليهم في هذا القسم. (أ) "المستهلك" يعني الشخص الذي يشتري أو التأجير لمدة عام واحد على الأقل سيارة جديدة من البائع لأغراض نقل نفسه والآخرين ، فضلا عن ممتلكاتهم الشخصية ، في المقام الأول لأغراض شخصية أو الأسرة أو العائلة الأغراض. (ب) "اكسبرس الضمان" لها نفس المعنى ، لأغراض هذا القانون ، لأنها لأغراض القانون التجاري الموحد. (ج) "السيارة الجديدة" تعني سيارة ركاب ، على النحو المحدد في المادة 1-157 من قانون ولاية ايلينوي للسيارات ، سيارة من الدرجة الثانية وجود وزن تحت £ 8000 ، على النحو المحدد في المادة 1-146 من ذلك القانون ، وسيارة ترفيهية ، فيما عدا التخييم مقطورة أو مقطورة السفر لا تنطبق تحت تعريف السيارات المستخدمة ، على النحو المنصوص عليه في المادة 1-216 من ذلك القانون. (د) "الإعتزال" يشير إلى فشل وسيلة جديدة لتتوافق مع جميع الضمانات الصريحة التي تنطبق على هذه السيارة ، التي فشل يضعف بشكل كبير استخدام ، القيمة السوقية أو سلامة أن السيارة. (ه) "البائع" يعني الشركة المصنعة للسيارة جديدة ، أن وكيل الشركة المصنعة للتاجر أو موزع أو أن لصناعة المأذون به. "البائع" يعني أيضا ، فيما يتعلق سيارة جديدة وهي أيضا وسيلة تعديل ، على النحو المحدد في المادة 1-144،1 من قانون ولاية ايلينوي للسيارات ، كما هو الحال الآن أو فيما بعد تعديله ، والشخص الذي تعديل السيارة وهذا الشخص وكيل أو موزع أو ذلك الشخص مرخص لها. "البائع" يعني أيضا ، فيما يتعلق بالمركبات الجديدة المستأجرة ، الصانع ، أن وكيل الشركة الصانعة أو الموزع أو تاجر أن الشركة المصنعة ، الذي نقل الحق في امتلاك واستخدام السلع بموجب عقد الإيجار. (و) "الدستورية فترة الضمان" يعني فترة سنة واحدة أو ميل 12،000 ، أيهما أسبق من تاريخ تقديم سيارة جديدة للمستهلك الذي هو شرائها أو تأجيرها. (ز) "تكاليف الإيجار" يشمل الودائع والرسوم والضرائب ، وانخفاض المدفوعات ، والمدفوعات الدورية ، ودفع أي مبلغ آخر للبائع من قبل المستهلكين في اتصال مع استئجار مركبة جديدة. (المصدر : 89-375 السلطة الفلسطينية ، ممثل المؤسسة. 8-18-95).
815 ILCS 380 / 3
ثانية. 3. Failure of vehicle to conform; remedies; presumptions. (a) If after a reasonable number of attempts the seller is unable to conform the new vehicle to any of its applicable express warranties, the manufacturer shall either provide the consumer with a new vehicle of like model line, if available, or otherwise a comparable motor vehicle as a replacement, or accept the return of the vehicle from the consumer and refund to the consumer the full purchase price or lease cost of the new vehicle, including all collateral charges, less a reasonable allowance for consumer use of the vehicle. For purposes of this Section, “collateral charges” does not include taxes paid by the purchaser on the initial purchase of the new vehicle. The retailer who initially sold the vehicle may file a claim for credit for taxes paid pursuant to the terms of Sections 6, 6a, 6b, and 6c of the Retailers' Occupation Tax Act. Should the vehicle be converted, modified or altered in a way other than the manufacturer's original design, the party which performed the conversion or modification shall be liable under the provisions of this Act, provided the part or parts causing the vehicle not to perform according to its warranty were altered or modified. (b) A presumption that a reasonable number of attempts have been undertaken to conform a new vehicle to its express warranties shall arise where, within the statutory warranty period, (1) the same nonconformity has been subject to repair by the seller, its agents or authorized dealers during the statutory warranty period, 4 or more times, and such nonconformity continues to exist; or (2) the vehicle has been out of service by reason of repair of nonconformities for a total of 30 or more business days during the statutory warranty period. (c) A reasonable allowance for consumer use of a vehicle is that amount directly attributable to the wear and tear incurred by the new vehicle as a result of its having been used prior to the first report of a nonconformity to the seller, and during any subsequent period in which it is not out of service by reason of repair. (d) The fact that a new vehicle's failure to conform to an express warranty is the result of abuse, neglect or unauthorized modifications or alterations is an affirmative defense to claims brought under this Act. (e) The statutory warranty period of a new vehicle shall be suspended for any period of time during which repair services are not available to the consumer because of a war, invasion or strike, or a fire, flood or other natural disaster. (f) Refunds made pursuant to this Act shall be made to the consumer, and lien holder if any exists, as their respective interests appear. (g) For the purposes of this Act, a manufacturer sells a new vehicle to a consumer when he provides that consumer with a replacement vehicle pursuant to subsection (a). (h) In no event shall the presumption herein provided apply against a manufacturer, his agent, distributor or dealer unless the manufacturer has received prior direct written notification from or on behalf of the consumer, and has an opportunity to correct the alleged defect. (Source: PA 89-359, eff. 8-17-95; 89-375, eff. 8-18-95; 89-626, eff. 8-9-96.) 815 ILCS 380/4 Sec. 4. (a) The provisions of subsection (a) of Section 3 shall not apply unless the consumer has first resorted to an informal settlement procedure applicable to disputes to which that subsection would apply where (1) The manufacturer of the new vehicle has established such a procedure; (2) The procedure conforms: (i) substantially with the provisions of Title 16, Code of Federal Regulation, Part 703, as from time to time amended, and (ii) to the requirements of subsection (c); and (3) The consumer has received from the seller adequate written notice of the existence of the procedure. Adequate written notice includes but is not limited to the incorporation of the informal dispute settlement procedure into the terms of the written warranty to which the vehicle does not conform. (b) If the consumer is dissatisfied with the decision reached in an informal dispute settlement procedure or the results of such a decision, he may bring a civil action to enforce his rights under subsection (a) of Section 3. The decision reached in the informal dispute settlement procedure is admissible in such a civil action. The period of limitations for a civil action to enforce a consumer's rights or remedies under subsection (a) of Section 3 shall be extended for a period equal to the number of days the subject matter of the civil action was pending in the informal dispute settlement procedure. (c) A disclosure of the decision in an informal dispute settlement procedure shall include notice to the consumer of the provisions of subsection (b). (Source: PA 85-1350.)
815 ILCS 380/5
ثانية. 5. Persons electing to proceed and settle under this Act shall be barred from a separate cause of action under the Uniform Commercial Code. (Source: PA 85-1350.)
815 ILCS 380/6
ثانية. 6. Any action brought under this Act shall be commenced within eighteen months following the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to the consumer. (Source: PA 83-768.)
815 ILCS 380/7
ثانية. 7. The seller who sells a new vehicle to a consumer, shall, upon delivery of that vehicle to the consumer, provide the consumer with a written statement clearly and conspicuously setting forth in full detail the consumer's rights under subsection (a) of Section 3, and the presumptions created by subsection (b) of that Section. (Source: PA 85-1350.)
815 ILCS 380/8 Sec. 8. This Act shall apply to motor vehicles beginning with the model year following the effective date of this Act. (Source: PA 83-768.)
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
البنود التي تشملها ليمون قانون ولاية انديانا
باعت سيارات الى مشتر في الدولة ومسجلة في ولاية إنديانا ، والمركبات التي تم شراؤها في الدولة من قبل غير المقيمين ، وجود GVW أقل من 10،000 رطل. ، تستهدف في المقام الأول لاستخدام وتشغيل على الطرق العامة ، باستثناء عربات التحويل ، ح السيارات
انديانا الليمون القانون قد تنطبق إذا حدث ما يلي
محاولات إصلاح 4 -- 30 أيام عمل خارج الخدمة
طول الوقت ، أو ميلا قبل الليمون قانون ولاية انديانا نفدت
18 شهرا أو 18،000 ميل ، أيهما أسبق.
الليمون القانون في ولاية انديانا
IC 24-5-13 Chapter 13. Motor Vehicle Protection
IC 24-5-13-1
ثانية. 1. This chapter applies to all motor vehicles that are sold, leased, transferred, or replaced by a dealer or manufacturer in Indiana.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-2
ثانية. 2. As used in this chapter, “business day” means a day other than Sunday or a legal holiday (as defined in IC 1-1-9-1).
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-3
ثانية. 3. As used in this chapter, “buyer” means any person who, for purposes other than resale or sublease, enters into an agreement or contract within Indiana for the transfer, lease, or purchase of a motor vehicle covered under this chapter.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-3.4
ثانية. 3.4. As used in this chapter, “lease” means a contract in the form of a lease or bailment for the use of a motor vehicle by a person for more than four (4) months, whether or not the lessee has the option to purchase or otherwise become the owner of the property at the expiration of the lease.
As added by PL24-1989, SEC.25.
IC 24-5-13-3.7
ثانية. 3.7. As used in this chapter, “lessor” means a person who:
(1) holds title to a motor vehicle leased to a lessee under a written lease agreement; or
(2) holds the lessor's rights under an agreement described in subdivision (1).
As added by PL24-1989, SEC.26.
IC 24-5-13-4
ثانية. 4. As used in this chapter, “manufacturer” means any person who is engaged in the business of manufacturing motor vehicles, or, in the case of motor vehicles not manufactured in the United States, any person who is engaged in the business of importing motor vehicles.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-5
ثانية. 5. As used in this chapter, “motor vehicle” or “vehicle” means any self-propelled vehicle that:
(1) has a declared gross vehicle weight of less than ten thousand (10,000) pounds; (2) is sold to:
(A) a buyer in Indiana and registered in Indiana; or
(B) a buyer in Indiana who is not an Indiana resident (as defined in IC 9-13-2-78);
(3) is intended primarily for use and operation on public highways; and
(4) is required to be registered or licensed before use or operation.
The term does not include conversion vans, motor homes, farm tractors, and other machines used in the actual production, harvesting, and care of farm products, road building equipment, truck tractors, road tractors, motorcycles, mopeds, snowmobiles, or vehicles designed primarily for offroad use.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1. Amended by PL141-1990, SEC.1; PL2-1991, SEC.84.
IC 24-5-13-6
ثانية. 6. As used in this chapter, “nonconformity” means any specific or generic defect or condition or any concurrent combination of defects or conditions that:
(1) substantially impairs the use, market value, or safety of a motor vehicle; or
(2) renders the motor vehicle nonconforming to the terms of an applicable manufacturer's warranty.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-7
ثانية. 7. As used in this chapter, “term of protection” means a period of time that:
(1) begins:
(A) on the date of original delivery of a motor vehicle to a buyer; or
(B) in the case of a replacement vehicle provided by a manufacturer to a buyer under this chapter, on the date of delivery of the replacement vehicle to the buyer; and
(2) ends the earlier of:
(A) eighteen (18) months after the date identified under subdivision (1); or
(B) the time the motor vehicle has been driven eighteen thousand (18,000) miles after the date identified under subdivision (1).
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-8
ثانية. 8. If a motor vehicle suffers from a nonconformity and the buyer reports the nonconformity within the term of protection to the manufacturer of the vehicle, its agent, or its authorized dealer then the manufacturer of the motor vehicle or the manufacturer's agent or authorized dealer shall make the repairs that are necessary to correct the nonconformity, even if the repairs are made after expiration of the term of protection.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-9
ثانية. 9. (a) A buyer must first notify the manufacturer of a claim under this chapter if the manufacturer has made the disclosure required by subsection (b). However, if the manufacturer has not made the required disclosure, the buyer is not required to notify the manufacturer of a claim under this chapter.
(b) The manufacturer shall clearly and conspicuously disclose to the buyer, in the warranty or owner's manual, that written notification of the nonconformity is required before the buyer may be eligible for a refund or replacement of the vehicle. The manufacturer shall include with the warranty or owner's manual the name and address to which the buyer must send notification.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-10
ثانية. 10. If, after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer is unable to correct the nonconformity, the manufacturer shall accept the return of the vehicle from the buyer and, at the buyer's option, either, within thirty (30) days, refund the amount paid by the buyer or provide a replacement vehicle of comparable value.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-11
ثانية. 11. (a) If a refund is tendered under this chapter with respect to a vehicle that is not a leased vehicle, the refund must be the full contract price of the vehicle, including all credits and allowances for any trade-in vehicle and less a reasonable allowance for use.
(b) To determine a reasonable allowance for use under this section, multiply:
(1) the total contract price of the vehicle; by
(2) a fraction having as its denominator one hundred thousand (100,000) and having as its numerator the number of miles that the vehicle traveled before the manufacturer's acceptance of its return.
(c) The refund must also include reimbursement for the following incidental costs:
(1) All sales tax.
(2) The unexpended portion of the registration fee and excise tax that has been prepaid for any calendar year.
(3) All finance charges actually expended.
(4) The cost of all options added by the authorized dealer.
(d) Refunds made under this section shall be made to the buyer and lienholder, if any, as their respective interests appear on the records of ownership.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1. Amended by PL24-1989, SEC.27.
IC 24-5-13-11.5
&BTN.In (2) SBI beginning with less.&ETN.
ثانية. 11.5. (a) If a refund is tendered under this chapter with respect to a leased motor vehicle, the refund shall be made as follows:
(1) The lessee shall receive all deposit and lease payments paid by the lessee to the lessor, including all credits and allowances for any trade-in vehicles, less a reasonable allowance for use.
(2) The lessor shall receive:
(A) the lessor's purchase cost, including freight and accessories;
(B) any fee paid to another to obtain the lease;
(C) any insurance premiums or other costs expended by the lessor for the benefit of the lessee;
(D) sales tax paid by the lessor; and
(E) five percent (5%) of the amount described in subdivision (2)(A);
less the total of all deposit and lease payments paid by the lessee to the lessor, including all credits and allowances for any trade-in vehicle.
(b) To determine a reasonable allowance for use under this section, multiply:
(1) the total lease obligation of the lessee at the inception of the lease; by
(2) a fraction having as its denominator one hundred thousand (100,000) and as its numerator the number of miles that the vehicle traveled before the lessor's acceptance of its return.
As added by PL24-1989, SEC.28.
IC 24-5-13-12
ثانية. 12. (a) If a vehicle is replaced by a manufacturer under this chapter, the manufacturer shall reimburse the buyer for any fees for the transfer of registration or any sales tax incurred by the buyer as a result of replacement.
(b) If a replaced vehicle was financed by the manufacturer, its subsidiary, or agent, the manufacturer, subsidiary, or agent may not require the buyer to enter into any refinancing agreement concerning a replacement vehicle that would create any financial obligations upon the buyer less favorable than those of the original financing agreement.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-13
ثانية. 13. Whenever a vehicle is replaced or refunded under this chapter, the manufacturer shall reimburse the buyer for necessary towing and rental costs actually incurred as a direct result of the nonconformity.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-14
ثانية. 14. A buyer has the option of retaining the use of any vehicle returned under this chapter until the time that the buyer has been tendered a full refund or replacement vehicle of comparable value. The use of any vehicle retained by a buyer after its return to a manufacturer under this chapter must, in cases in which a refund is tendered, be reflected in the reasonable allowance for use required by section 11 of this chapter.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-15
ثانية. 15. (a) A reasonable number of attempts is considered to have been undertaken to correct a nonconformity if:
(1) the nonconformity has been subject to repair at least four (4) times by the manufacturer or its agents or authorized dealers, but the nonconformity continues to exist; or
(2) the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair of any nonconformity for a cumulative total of at least thirty (30) business days, and the nonconformity continues to exist.
(b) The thirty (30) business day period in subsection (a)(2) shall be extended by any period of time during which repair services are not available as a direct result of a strike. The manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer shall provide or make provision for the free use of a vehicle to any buyer whose vehicle is out of service by reason of repair during a strike.
(c) The burden is on the manufacturer to show that the reason for an extension under subsection (b) was the direct cause for the failure of the manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer to cure any nonconformity during the time of the event.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-16
ثانية. 16. (a) A manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer may not refuse to diagnose or repair any vehicle for the purpose of avoiding liability under this chapter.
(b) A manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer shall provide a buyer with a written repair order each time the buyer's vehicle is brought in for examination or repair. The repair order must indicate all work performed on the vehicle including examination of the vehicle, parts, and labor.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-17 Repealed
( Repealed by PL65-1992, SEC.4.)
IC 24-5-13-18
ثانية. 18. It is an affirmative defense to any claim under this chapter that:
(1) the nonconformity, defect, or condition does not substantially impair the use, value, or safety of the motor vehicle; or
(2) the nonconformity, defect, or condition is the result of abuse, neglect, or unauthorized modification or alteration of the motor vehicle by the buyer.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-19
ثانية. 19. This chapter does not apply to any buyer who has not first resorted to an informal procedure established by a manufacturer or in which a manufacturer participates if:
(1) the procedure is certified by the attorney general as:
(A) complying in all respects with 16 CFR 703; and
(B) complying with any other rules concerning certification adopted by the attorney general, including but not limited to the requirement of oral hearings, pursuant to IC 4-22-2; and
(2) the buyer has received adequate written notice from the manufacturer of the existence of the procedure.
Adequate written notice includes the incorporation of the informal dispute settlement procedure into the terms of the written warranty to which the motor vehicle does not conform.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1. Amended by PL24-1989, SEC.29.
IC 24-5-13-20
ثانية. 20. This chapter does not limit the rights or remedies that are otherwise available to a buyer under any other applicable provision of law.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-21
ثانية. 21. A buyer may bring a civil action to enforce this chapter in any circuit or superior court.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-22
ثانية. 22. A buyer who prevails in any action brought under this chapter is entitled to recover as part of the judgment a sum equal to the aggregate amount of cost and expenses, including attorney's fees based on actual time expended by the attorney, determined by the court to have been reasonably incurred by the buyer for or in connection with the commencement and prosecution of the action.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-23
ثانية. 23. (a) An action brought under this chapter must be commenced within two (2) years following the date the buyer first reports the nonconformity to the manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer.
(b) When the buyer has commenced an informal dispute settlement procedure described in section 19 of this chapter, the two (2) year period specified in subsection (a) is tolled during the time the informal dispute settlement procedure is being conducted.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
IC 24-5-13-24
ثانية. 24. Nothing in this chapter imposes any liability on a dealer or creates a cause of action by a consumer against a dealer, and a manufacturer may not, directly or indirectly, expose any franchised dealer to liability under this chapter.
As added by PL150-1988, SEC.1.
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Iowa Lemon Law
Vehicle purchased or leased in the state and primarily designed for the transportation of persons or property, excluding mopeds, motorcycles, motor homes and vehicles over 10,000 lbs. GVW.
Iowa Lemon Law may apply if the following has occurred
1 repair attempt for a defect that may cause death or serious injury or 3 repair attempts plus a final attempt or 30 calendar days out of service.
Length of time or miles before the Iowa Lemon Law runs out
2 years or 24,000 miles, whichever occurs first.
Lemon Law in Iowa
322G.1 Legislative intent.
The general assembly recognizes that a motor vehicle is a major consumer acquisition and that a defective motor vehicle undoubtedly creates a hardship for the consumer. The general assembly further recognizes that a duly franchised motor vehicle dealer is an authorized service agent of the manufacturer. It is the intent of the general assembly that a good faith motor vehicle warranty complaint by a consumer be resolved by the manufacturer within a specified period of time. It is further the intent of the general assembly to provide the statutory procedures whereby a consumer may receive a replacement motor vehicle, or a full refund, for a motor vehicle which cannot be brought into conformity with the warranty provided for in this chapter. However, this chapter does not limit the rights or remedies which are otherwise available to a consumer under any other law.
322G.2 Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. “Collateral charges” means those additional charges to a consumer wholly incurred as a result of the acquisition of the motor vehicle. For the purposes of this chapter, collateral charges include, but are not limited to, charges for manufacturer-installed or agent-installed items, earned finance charges, use taxes, and title charges.
2. “Condition” means a general problem that may be attributable to a defect in more than one part.
3. "المستهلك" يعني المشتري أو المستأجر ، بخلاف لأغراض التأجير أو البيع ، أو من قبل السيارات غير معنونة سيارة جديدة ، أو أي شخص آخر له الحق بموجب شروط الضمان لتنفيذ التزامات الضمان خلال المدة فترة قانون حقوق الليمون.
4. "الأيام" يعني أيام تقويمية.
5. "قسم" يعني المدعي العام.
6. "اتهامات العارض" تعني تلك التكاليف المعقولة التي يتحملها المستهلك ، بما في ذلك ، ولكن ليس على سبيل الحصر ، والقطر ورسوم الحصول على تكاليف النقل البديلة ، والتي هي نتيجة مباشرة لعدم المطابقة أو لا يطابقون المواصفات التي هي موضوع هذه المطالبة. رسوم العارض لا تشمل الخسائر في استعمال ، وفقدان الدخل ، أو المطالبات عن الأضرار الشخصية.
7. "سعر الإيجار" يعني مجموع ما يلي :
(أ) من المؤجر التكاليف الفعلية للشراء.
(ب) رسوم الضمان ، إن وجدت.
(ج) أية رسوم لآخر للحصول على عقد الإيجار.
(د) أي تأمين أو غيرها من التكاليف التي أنفقت المؤجر لصالح المستأجر.
(ه) مبلغ يعادل الدولة والضرائب المحلية استخدام ، لا خلاف بينهم ورسوم الضمان ، التي قام بها المؤجر عندما كانت في البداية بشراء السيارة.
(و) مبلغ يعادل خمسة في المئة من المؤجر التكلفة الفعلية للشراء.
8. "الليمون فترة قانون حقوق" يعني مصطلح من الشركة الصانعة المكتوبة الضمان ، وفترة المنتهية بعد مرور سنتين من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة إلى المستهلك ، أو أول 24000 ميلا من العملية التي تعزى إلى المستهلك ، وأيهما ينتهي أولا.
9. "المستأجر" يعني أي المستهلك الذي الإيجارات سيارة لمدة سنة أو أكثر وفقا لاتفاق الإيجار الخطية التي تنص على أن المستأجر هو المسؤول عن إصلاح السيارة.
10. "المستأجر تكلفة" يعني مجموع إيداع ومدفوعات الإيجار التي سبق ودفعت إلى المؤجر للسيارة المستأجرة.
11. "المؤجر" تعني الشخص الذي يحمل عنوان لسيارة المستأجرة إلى المستأجر بموجب عقد الإيجار أو مكتوبة الذي يحمل حقوق المؤجر وبموجب الاتفاق.
12. "الصانع" تعني أي شخص يعمل في مجال تشييد أو تجميع السيارات الجديدة أو تركيب على هيكل السيارة تجميعها من قبل الهيئات الخاصة أو المعدات التي ، عند تركيبها ، تشكل جزءا لا يتجزأ من السيارات الجديدة ، أو أي شخص يشارك في الأعمال التجارية من استيراد السيارات الجديدة في الولايات المتحدة لغرض البيع أو توزيع السيارات الجديدة لتجار السيارات الجديدة.
13. "السيارات" يعني ذاتية الدفع السيارة المشتراة أو المستأجرة في هذه الولاية ، باستثناء ما هو منصوص عليه في 322G.15 الباب ، والمصممة أساسا لنقل الأشخاص أو الممتلكات على مدى الشوارع العامة والطرق السريعة ، ولكنه لا يشمل الدراجات ، الدراجات النارية والسيارات السكنية ، أو مركبة أكثر من عشرة آلاف جنيه إجمالي التصويت وزن السيارة.
14. "الإعتزال" يعني عيب أو عطل ، أو شرط في سيارة مثل هذه السيارة التي لم تتفق مع الضمان ، ولكنه لا يشمل خلل ، عطل ، أو شرط أن من نتائج حادث الاعتداء ، والإهمال ، وتعديل , or alteration of the motor vehicle by persons other than the manufacturer or its authorized service agent.
15. “Person” means person as defined in section 714.16.
16. “Program” means an informal dispute settlement procedure established by a manufacturer which mediates and arbitrates motor vehicle warranty disputes arising in this state.
17. “Purchase price” means the cash price paid for the motor vehicle appearing in the sales agreement or contract, including any net allowance given for a trade-in vehicle.
18. “Reasonable offset for use” means the number of miles attributable to a consumer up to the date of the third attempt to repair the same nonconformity which is the subject of the claim, or the first attempt to repair a nonconformity that is likely to cause death or serious bodily injury, or the twentieth cumulative day when the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair of one or more nonconformities, whichever occurs first, multiplied by the purchase price of the vehicle, or in the event of a leased vehicle, the lessor's actual lease price plus an amount equal to two percent of the purchase price, and divided by one hundred twenty thousand.
19. “Replacement motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle which is identical or reasonably equivalent to the motor vehicle to be replaced, and as the motor vehicle to be replaced would have existed without the nonconformity at the time of original acquisition.
20. “Substantially impair” means to render the motor vehicle unfit, unreliable, or unsafe for warranted or ordinary use, or to significantly diminish the value of the motor vehicle.
21. “Warranty” means any written warranty issued by the manufacturer; or any affirmation of fact or promise made by the manufacturer, excluding statements made by the dealer, in connection with the sale or lease of a motor vehicle to a consumer, which relates to the nature of the material or workmanship and affirms or promises that the material or workmanship is free of defects or will meet a specified level of performance.
322G.3 Duties of manufacturer.
1. At the time of the consumer's purchase or lease of the vehicle, the manufacturer shall provide to the consumer a written statement that explains the consumer's rights and obligations under this chapter. The written statement shall be prepared by the attorney general and shall contain a telephone number that the consumer can use to obtain information from the attorney general regarding the rights and obligations provided under this chapter.
2. At the time of the consumer's purchase or lease of the vehicle, the manufacturer shall provide to the consumer the address and phone number for the zone, district, or regional office of the manufacturer for this state where a claim may be filed by the consumer. This information shall be provided to the consumer in a clear and conspicuous manner. Within thirty days of the introduction of a new model year for each make and model of motor vehicle sold in this state, the manufacturer shall notify the attorney general of such introduction. The manufacturer shall also inform the attorney general that a copy of the owner's manual and applicable written warranties shall be provided upon request and provide information as to where the request should be made. The manufacturer shall inform the attorney general where such a request should be directed and shall provide the copy of the owner's manual and applicable written warranties within five business days of a request by the attorney general.
3. A manufacturer or the authorized service agent of the manufacturer shall make repairs as necessary to conform the vehicle to the warranty if a motor vehicle does not conform to the warranty and the consumer reports the nonconformity to the manufacturer or authorized service agent during the lemon law rights period. Such repairs shall be made irrespective of whether they can be made prior to the expiration of the lemon law rights period.
4. A manufacturer or the authorized service agent of the manufacturer, shall provide to the consumer, each time the motor vehicle is returned after being examined or repaired under the warranty, a fully itemized, legible statement or repair order indicating any diagnosis made, and all work performed on the motor vehicle including, but not limited to, a general description of the problem reported by the consumer or an identification of the defect or condition, parts and labor, the date and the odometer reading when the motor vehicle was submitted for examination or repair, and the date when the repair or examination was completed.
5. Upon request from the consumer, the manufacturer, or the authorized service agent of the manufacturer, shall provide a copy of either or both of the following:
a. Any report or printout of any diagnostic computer operation compiled by the manufacturer or authorized service agent regarding an inspection or diagnosis of the motor vehicle.
b. A copy of any technical service bulletin issued by the manufacturer regarding the year and model of the motor vehicle as it pertains to any material, feature, component, or the performance of the motor vehicle.
322G.4 Nonconformity of motor vehicles.
1. After three attempts have been made to repair the same nonconformity that substantially impairs the motor vehicle, or after one attempt to repair a nonconformity that is likely to cause death or serious bodily injury, the consumer may give written notification, which shall be by certified or registered mail or by overnight service, to the manufacturer of the need to repair the nonconformity in order to allow the manufacturer a final attempt to cure the nonconformity. The manufacturer shall, within ten days after receipt of such notification, notify and provide the consumer with the opportunity to have the vehicle repaired at a reasonably accessible repair facility and after delivery of the vehicle to the designated repair facility by the consumer, the manufacturer shall, within ten days, conform the motor vehicle to the warranty. If the manufacturer fails to notify and provide the consumer with the opportunity to have the vehicle repaired at a reasonably accessible repair facility or perform the repairs within the time periods prescribed in this subsection, the requirement that the manufacturer be given a final attempt to cure the nonconformity does not apply.
After twenty or more cumulative days when the motor vehicle has been out of service by reason of repair of one or more nonconformities, the consumer may give written notification to the manufacturer which shall be by certified or registered mail or by overnight service. Commencing upon the date such notification is received, the manufacturer has ten cumulative days when the vehicle has been out of service by reason of repair of one or more nonconformities to conform the motor vehicle to the warranty.
2. If the manufacturer, or its authorized service agent, has not conformed the motor vehicle to the warranty by repairing or correcting one or more nonconformities that substantially impair the motor vehicle after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer shall, within forty days of receipt of payment by the manufacturer of a reasonable offset for use by the consumer, replace the motor vehicle with a replacement motor vehicle acceptable to the consumer, or repurchase the motor vehicle from the consumer or lessor and refund to the consumer or lessor the full purchase or lease price, less a reasonable offset for use. The replacement or refund shall include payment of all collateral and reasonably incurred incidental charges. The consumer has an unconditional right to choose a refund rather than a replacement. If the consumer elects to receive a refund, and the refund exceeds the amount of the payment for a reasonable offset for use, the requirement that the consumer pay the reasonable offset for use in advance does not apply, and the manufacturer shall deduct that amount from the refund due to the consumer. If the consumer elects a replacement motor vehicle, the manufacturer shall provide the consumer a substitute motor vehicle to use until such time as the replacement vehicle is delivered to the consumer. At the time of the refund or replacement, the consumer, lien holder, or lessor shall furnish to the manufacturer clear title to and possession of the original motor vehicle.
Refunds shall be made to the consumer and lien holder of record, if any, as their interests appear. If applicable, refunds shall be made to the lessor and lessee as follows: the lessee shall receive the lessee's cost less a reasonable offset for use, and the lessor shall receive the lease price less the aggregate deposit and rental payments previously paid to the lessor for the leased vehicle. If it is determined that the lessee is entitled to a refund pursuant to this chapter, the consumer's lease agreement with the lessor is terminated upon payment of the refund and no penalty for early termination shall be assessed. The department of revenue and finance shall refund to the manufacturer any use tax which the manufacturer refunded to the consumer, lessee, or lessor under this section, if the manufacturer provides to the department of revenue and finance a written request for a refund and evidence that the use tax was paid when the vehicle was purchased and that the manufacturer refunded the use tax to the consumer, lessee, or lessor.
3. It is presumed that a reasonable number of attempts have been undertaken to conform a motor vehicle to the warranty if, during the lemon law rights period, any of the following occur:
a. The same nonconformity that substantially impairs the motor vehicle has been subject to examination or repair at least three times by the manufacturer or its authorized service agent, plus a final attempt by the manufacturer to repair the motor vehicle if undertaken as provided for in subsection 1, and such nonconformity continues to exist.
b. A nonconformity that is likely to cause death or serious bodily injury has been subject to examination or repair at least one time by the manufacturer or its authorized service agent, plus a final attempt by the manufacturer to repair the motor vehicle if undertaken as provided for in subsection 1, and such nonconformity continues to exist.
c. The motor vehicle has been out of service by reason of repair by the manufacturer, or its authorized service agent, of one or more nonconformities that substantially impair the motor vehicle for a cumulative total of thirty or more days, exclusive of down time for routine maintenance prescribed by the owner's manual. The thirty-day period may be extended by any period of time during which repair services are not available to the consumer because of war, invasion, strike, fire, flood, or natural disaster.
The terms of this subsection shall be extended for a period of up to two years after the date of the original delivery of a motor vehicle to a consumer, or the first twenty-four thousand miles of operation attributable to a consumer, whichever occurs first, if a nonconformity has been reported but has not been cured by the manufacturer, or its authorized service agent, before the expiration of the lemon law rights period.
4. A manufacturer, or its authorized service agent, shall not refuse to examine or repair any nonconformity for the purpose of avoiding liability under this chapter.
322G.5 Affirmative defenses.
Any of the following is an affirmative defense to a claim under this chapter:
1. The alleged nonconformity or nonconformities do not substantially impair the motor vehicle.
2. A nonconformity is the result of an accident, abuse, neglect, or unauthorized modification or alteration of the motor vehicle by a person other than the manufacturer or its authorized service agent.
3. The claim by the consumer was not filed in good faith.
4. Any other defense allowed by law which may be raised against the claim.
322G.6 Informal dispute settlement procedures
Operations and certification.
1. At the time of the consumer's purchase or lease of the vehicle, a manufacturer who has established a program certified pursuant to this section shall, at a minimum, clearly and conspicuously disclose to the consumer in written materials accompanying the vehicle how and where to file a claim with the program.
2. A certified program shall be funded and competently staffed at a level sufficient to ensure fair and expeditious resolution of all disputes, and shall not charge consumers any fee for use of the program. The manufacturer shall take all steps necessary to ensure that a certified program and its staff and decision makers are sufficiently insulated from the manufacturer so that the performance of the staff and the decisions of the decision makers are not influenced by the manufacturer. Such steps, at a minimum, shall ensure that the manufacturer does not make decisions on whether a consumer's dispute proceeds to the decision maker. Staff and decision makers of a certified program shall be trained in the provisions of this chapter and rules adopted under this chapter.
3. A certified program shall allow an oral presentation by a party, or by a party's employee, agent, or representative.
Within five days following the consumer's notification to the certified program of the dispute, the program shall inform each party of their right to make an oral presentation.
Meetings of a certified program to hear and decide disputes shall be open to observers, including either party to the dispute, on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms.
4. A certified program shall render a decision no later than sixty days from the day of the consumer's notification of the dispute, provided that a significant number of decisions are rendered within forty days. For the purposes of this section, notification is deemed to have occurred when a certified program has received the consumer's name and address; the current date and the date of the original delivery of the motor vehicle to a consumer; the year, make, model, and identification number of the motor vehicle; and a description of the nonconformity. If the consumer has not previously notified the manufacturer of the nonconformity, the sixty-day period is extended for an additional seven days.
5. A certified program shall, in rendering decisions, take into account the provisions of this chapter and all legal and equitable factors germane to a fair and just decision. The decision shall disclose to the consumer and the manufacturer the reasons for the decision, and the manufacturer's required actions, if applicable. If the decision is in favor of the consumer, the consumer shall have up to twenty-five days from the date of receipt of the certified program's decision to indicate acceptance of the decision. The decision shall prescribe a reasonable period of time, not to exceed thirty days from the date the consumer notifies the manufacturer of acceptance of the decision, within which the manufacturer must fulfill the terms of the decision. If the manufacturer has had a reasonable number of attempts to conform a motor vehicle to the warranty as set forth in section 322G.4, subsection 3, including a final attempt by the manufacturer to repair the motor vehicle, if undertaken as provided for in section 322G.4, subsection 1, and the consumer is entitled to a replacement vehicle or a refund under section 322G.4, subsection 2, the decision shall be limited to relief as allowed under section 322G.4, subsection 2. In an action brought by a consumer under this chapter, the decision of a certified program is admissible in evidence.
6. A certified program shall establish written procedures which explain operation of the certified program. Copies of the written procedures shall be made available to any person upon request and shall be sent to the consumer upon notification of the dispute.
7. A certified program shall retain all records for each dispute for at least four years after the final disposition of the dispute. A certified program shall have an independent audit conducted annually to determine whether the manufacturer and its performance and the program and its implementation are in compliance with this chapter. All records for each dispute shall be available for the audit. Such audit, upon completion, shall be forwarded to the attorney general.
8. Any manufacturer licensed to sell motor vehicles in this state may apply to the attorney general for certification of its program. A manufacturer seeking certification of its program in this state shall submit to the attorney general an application for certification on a form prescribed by the attorney general.
9. A program certified in this state or a program established by a manufacturer applying for certification in this state shall submit to the attorney general a copy of each settlement approved by the program or decision made by the decision maker within thirty days after the settlement is reached or the decision is rendered. The decision or settlement shall contain information prescribed by the attorney general.
10. The attorney general shall review the operations of any certified program at least once annually. The attorney general shall prepare annual and periodic reports evaluating the operation of certified programs serving consumers in this state or programs established by motor vehicle manufacturers applying for certification in this state. The reports shall indicate whether certification should be granted, renewed, denied, or revoked.
11. If a manufacturer has established a program which the attorney general has certified as substantially complying with the provisions of and the rules adopted under this chapter, and has informed the consumer how and where to file a claim with the program pursuant to subsection 1, the provisions of section 322G.4, subsection 2, do not apply to any consumer who has not first resorted to the program.
322G.7 Informal dispute settlement procedure
Certification uniformity.
To facilitate uniform application, interpretation, and enforcement of this section and section 322G.6, and in implementing rules adopted pursuant to section 322G.14, the attorney general may cooperate with agencies that perform similar functions in any other states that enact these or similar sections. The cooperation authorized by this subsection may include any of the following:
1. Establishing a central depository for copies of all applications and accompanying materials submitted by manufacturers for certification, and all reports prepared, notices issued, and determinations made by the attorney general under section 322G.6.
2. Sharing and exchanging information, documents, and records pertaining to program operations.
3. Sharing personnel to perform joint reviews, surveys, and investigations of program operations.
4. Preparing joint reports evaluating program operations.
5. Granting joint certifications and certification renewals.
6. Issuing joint denials or revocations of certification.
7. Holding a joint administrative hearing.
8. Formulating, in accordance with chapter 17A, the administrative procedure Act, rules or proposed rules on matters such as guidelines, forms, statements of policy, interpretative opinions, and any other information necessary to implement section 322G.6.
322G.8 Consumer remedies.
1. If a consumer resorts to a manufacturer's certified program and a decision is not rendered within the time periods allowed in this chapter, or a manufacturer has no certified program and the consumer has notified the manufacturer pursuant to section 322G.4, subsection 1, the consumer may file an action in district court under this chapter within one year from the expiration of the lemon law rights period or an extension of the period pursuant to section 322G.4, subsection 3.
2. If a consumer resorts to a manufacturer's certified program and is not satisfied with the performance of the manufacturer as ordered in the decision, or the manufacturer does not perform as directed by the decision within the time period specified in the decision, the consumer may file an action in district court under this chapter within six months after the date prescribed in the decision by which the manufacturer must fulfill the terms of the decision. If the consumer declines to accept the decision of the manufacturer's certified program, the consumer may appeal the decision pursuant to subsection 4. For purposes of this subsection, “not satisfied with the performance of the decision” means, following the consumer's acceptance of the decision, the consumer indicates that the manufacturer failed to comply with the terms of the decision within the time specified in the decision or failed to cure the nonconformity within the time specified in the decision if further repairs were ordered.
3. In an action under either subsection 1 or 2, the court shall award a consumer who prevails the amount of any pecuniary loss, including relief the consumer is entitled to under section 322G.4, subsection 2, reasonable attorney's fees, and costs. In addition, if the court affirms the decision of the certified program, the court may award any additional amounts allowed under subsection 7.
4. A certified program's decision is final unless appealed by either party. A petition to the district court to appeal a decision must be made within fifty days after receipt of the decision or within twenty-five days from the date the consumer indicates acceptance of the decision to the manufacturer, whichever occurs first. Within seven days after the petition has been filed, the appealing party must send, by certified, registered, or express mail, a copy of the petition to the attorney general. If the attorney general receives no notice of the petition within sixty days after the manufacturer's receipt of a decision in favor of the consumer, and the consumer has indicated acceptance of the decision within the twenty-five days of receipt of the decision, but the manufacturer has neither complied with, nor petitioned to appeal the decision, the attorney general may apply to the court to impose a fine up to one thousand dollars per day against the manufacturer until the amount stands at twice the purchase price of the motor vehicle, unless the manufacturer provides clear and convincing evidence that the delay or failure was beyond its control or was acceptable to the consumer as evidenced by a written statement signed by the consumer. If the manufacturer fails to provide such evidence or fails to pay the fine, the attorney general shall initiate proceedings against the manufacturer for failure to pay the fine. The proceeds from the fine imposed shall be placed in the attorney general's motor vehicle fraud and odometer law enforcement fund for implementation and enforcement of this chapter.
5. If the manufacturer fails to comply with a decision which has been timely accepted by the consumer or fails to file a timely petition for appeal, the court shall affirm the board's decision upon application by the consumer.
6. An appeal of a decision by a certified program to the court by a consumer or a manufacturer shall be tried de novo, and may be based upon stipulated facts. In a written petition to appeal a decision by the board, the appealing party must state the action requested and the grounds relied upon for appeal.
7. If a decision of the certified program in favor of the consumer is affirmed or upheld by the court, recovery by the consumer shall include the pecuniary value of the award, including relief the consumer is entitled to under section 322G.4, subsection 2, attorney's fees incurred in obtaining confirmation of the award, and all costs and continuing damages in an amount of twenty-five dollars per day for all days beyond the twenty-five-day period following the manufacturer's receipt of the consumer's acceptance of the certified program's decision. If a court determines that a manufacturer filed a petition for appeal to be tried de novo in bad faith or brought such an appeal solely for the purpose of harassment, the court shall double, and may triple, the amount of the total award, after consideration of all circumstances.
8. Appellate review of a court decision in favor of the consumer may be conditioned upon payment by the manufacturer of the consumer's attorney's fees and giving security for costs and expenses resulting from the review period.
9. This chapter does not prohibit a consumer from pursuing other rights or remedies under any other law.
322G.9 Compliance and disciplinary action.
The attorney general may enforce and ensure compliance with the provisions of this chapter and rules adopted pursuant to section 322G.14, may issue subpoenas requiring the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence, and may petition any court having jurisdiction to compel compliance with the subpoenas. The attorney general may levy and collect an administrative fine in an amount not to exceed one thousand dollars for each violation against any manufacturer found to be in violation of this chapter or rules adopted pursuant to section 322G.14. A manufacturer may request a hearing pursuant to chapter 17A, the administrative procedure Act, if the manufacturer contests the fine levied against it. The proceeds from any fine levied and collected pursuant to this section shall be placed in the attorney general's motor vehicle fraud and odometer law enforcement fund for implementation and enforcement of this chapter.
322G.10 Unfair or deceptive trade practice.
A violation by a manufacturer of this chapter is an unfair or deceptive trade practice in violation of section 714.16, subsection 2, paragraph “a”.
322G.11 Dealer liability.
This chapter, except for the requirements of section 322G.12, does not impose any liability on a franchised motor vehicle dealer or create a cause of action by a consumer against a dealer. A dealer shall not be made a party defendant in any action involving or relating to this chapter, except as provided in this section. The manufacturer shall not charge back or require reimbursement by the dealer for any costs, including but not limited to any refunds or vehicle replacements, incurred by the manufacturer pursuant to this chapter, in the absence of a finding by a court that the related repairs had been carried out by the dealer in a manner substantially inconsistent with the manufacturer's published instructions. A manufacturer who is found by a court to have improperly charged back a dealer because of a violation of this section is liable to the injured dealer for full reimbursement plus reasonable costs and any attorney's fees.
322G.12 Resale of returned vehicles.
Subsequent to December 31, 1991, a manufacturer who accepts the return of a motor vehicle pursuant to a settlement, determination, or decision under this chapter shall notify the state department of transportation and report the vehicle identification number of that motor vehicle within ten days after the acceptance. The state department of transportation shall note the fact that the motor vehicle was returned pursuant to this chapter on the title for the motor vehicle. A person shall not knowingly lease; or sell, either at wholesale or retail; or transfer a title to a motor vehicle returned by reason of a settlement, determination, or decision pursuant to this chapter or a similar statute of any other state unless the nature of the nonconformity is clearly and conspicuously disclosed to the prospective transferee, lessee, or buyer. The attorney general shall prescribe by rule the form, content, and procedure pertaining to such a disclosure statement, recognizing the need of manufacturers to implement a uniform disclosure form. The manufacturer shall make a reasonable effort to ensure that such disclosure is made to the first subsequent retail buyer or lessee. For purposes of this subsection, “settlement” includes an agreement entered into between the manufacturer and the consumer that occurs after the dispute has been submitted to a state-operated dispute resolution program or to a manufacturer-established program certified in this or any other state, but does not include agreements reached in informal proceedings prior to the first written or oral presentation to the state-operated or state-certified dispute resolution program by either party. “Settlement” also includes an agreement entered into between a manufacturer and a consumer that occurs after the dispute has been submitted to a dispute resolution program that is not state-operated or state-certified.
322G.13 Certain agreements void.
Any agreement entered into by a consumer that waives, limits, or disclaims the rights set forth in this chapter is void as contrary to public policy.
322G.14 Rulemaking authority.
1. The attorney general shall adopt rules as necessary to implement this chapter.
2. In prescribing rules and forms under this chapter, the attorney general may cooperate with agencies that perform similar functions in other states with a view to effectuating the policy of this chapter to achieve maximum uniformity in the form and content of certification, regulation, and procedural evaluation of manufacturer-established programs, required record keeping, required reporting wherever practicable, and required notices to consumers.
322G.15 Applicability.
This chapter applies to motor vehicles originally purchased or leased in this state by consumers on or after July 1, 1991. Except for section 322G.3, subsections 1 and 2, and section 322G.6, subsection 1, this chapter applies to motor vehicles originally purchased or leased in other states, if the consumer is a resident of this state at the time the consumer's rights are asserted under this chapter. Section 322G.14, which concerns rulemaking, shall take effect May 9, 1991.
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Kansas Lemon Law
Vehicles sold in the state and registered for a gross weight of 12,000 lbs. أو أقل. (م)
Kansas Lemon Law may apply if the following has occurred
4 repair attempts or 10 repair attempts for different defects – 30 calendar days out of service.
Length of time or miles before the Kansas Lemon Law runs out
Any warranty period or 1 year, whichever occurs first.
Lemon Law in Kansas
50-645 Motor vehicle warranties.
Definitions; consumer rights and remedies.
(a) As used in this act:
(1) “Consumer” means the original purchaser or lessee, other than for purposes of resale, of a motor vehicle; and
(2) “motor vehicle” means a new motor vehicle which is sold or leased in this state, and which is registered for a gross weight of 12,000 pounds or less, and does not include the customized parts of motor vehicles which have been added or modified by second stage manufacturers, first stage converters or second stage converters as defined in KSA 8-2401, and amendments thereto.
(b) If a motor vehicle does not conform to all applicable warranties, and the consumer reports the nonconformity to the manufacturer, its agent or its authorized dealer during the term of any warranties or during the period of one year following the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to a consumer, whichever is the earlier date, the manufacturer, its agent or its authorized dealer shall make such repairs as are necessary to conform the vehicle to such warranties, notwithstanding the fact that such repairs are made after the expiration of any such term or such one-year period.
(c) If the manufacturer, or its agents or authorized dealers, are unable to conform the motor vehicle to any applicable warranty after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer shall replace the motor vehicle with a comparable motor vehicle under warranty or accept return of the vehicle from the consumer and refund to the consumer the full purchase or lease price including all collateral charges, less a reasonable allowance for the consumer's use of the vehicle as calculated from the most recent edition of Your Driving Costs, published by the American automobile association. Refunds shall be made to the consumer, and lien holder if any, as their interests may appear. A reasonable allowance for use shall be that amount directly attributable to use by the consumer and any previous consumer prior to the first report of the nonconformity to the manufacturer, agent or dealer and during any subsequent period when the vehicle is not out of service by reason of repair. It shall be an affirmative defense to any claim under this act that:
(1) An alleged nonconformity does not substantially impair such use and value; or
(2) a nonconformity is the result of abuse, neglect or unauthorized modifications or alterations of a motor vehicle by a consumer.
(d) If the manufacturer receives actual notice of the nonconformity, it shall be presumed that a reasonable number of attempts have been undertaken to conform a motor vehicle to the applicable warranties, if:
(1) The same nonconformity which substantially impairs the use and value of the motor vehicle to the consumer has been subject to repair four or more times by the manufacturer or its agents or authorized dealers within the term of any warranty or during the period of one year following the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to a consumer, whichever is the earlier date, but such nonconformity continues to exist;
(2) the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair for a cumulative total of 30 or more calendar days during such term or period, whichever is the earlier date; or
(3) there have been 10 or more attempts to repair any nonconformities which substantially impair the use and value of the motor vehicle to the consumer and such attempts to repair have been attempts by the manufacturer or its agents or authorized dealers.
The term of any warranty, such one-year period and such thirty-day period shall be extended by any period of time during which repair services are not available to the consumer because of war, invasion, strike, fire, flood or other natural disaster.
(e) If a manufacturer has established an informal dispute settlement procedure which complies in all respects with the provisions of title 16, code of federal regulations, part 703, as from time to time amended, the provisions of subsection (c) concerning refunds or replacement shall not apply to any consumer who has not first resorted to such procedure.
(f) The attorney general shall have jurisdiction to enforce this section.
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Kentucky Lemon Law
المركبات ، والتي يملكها أحد سكان ولاية كنتاكي وشرائها أو تأجيرها جديدة في ولاية كنتاكي ، والمطلوب أن تكون مسجلة أو مرخصة في الدولة ، باستثناء عربات التحويل والمنازل السيارات ، والدراجات والدراجات النارية والمعدات الزراعية والسيارات مع أكثر من 2 المحاور.
كنتاكي الليمون القانون قد تنطبق إذا حدث ما يلي
محاولات إصلاح 4 -- 30 يوما خارج نطاق الخدمة
طول الوقت ، أو ميلا قبل الليمون قانون ولاية كنتاكي نفدت
1 سنة -- 12،000 ميل أيهما أسبق
Lemon Law in Kentucky
367.841 التعاريف.
(1) "المشتري" يعني أي شخص مقيم الذي يشتري ، وعقود لشراء أو تأجير السيارات الجديدة في رابطة ولاية كنتاكي. في حالة استئجار سيارة جديدة "المشتري" تعني المؤجر أو المستأجر ، أو كليهما.
(2) “Manufacturer” means any person or corporation, resident or nonresident, who manufactures or assembles new motor vehicles, including new conversion van manufacturers, which are sold in the Commonwealth of Kentucky.
ويقصد (3) "السيارات" يعني كل سيارة وهي ذاتية الدفع ، والتي في المقام الأول لاستخدام وتشغيل على الطرق السريعة العامة واللازمة لتسجيلها أو المرخصة في الكومنولث قبل استخدام مثل هذه العملية أو ، إلا أن "السيارات مركبة "لا تشمل ما يلي :
(أ) أي مركبة تغييرا كبيرا بعد البيع الأولي من تاجر لفرد ، (ب) منازل للسيارات ؛
(ج) دراجات نارية ؛
(d) Mopeds;
(ه) والجرارات الزراعية والآلات الأخرى المستخدمة في الإنتاج والحصاد ، والرعاية للمنتجات الزراعية ، أو
(f) Vehicles which have more than two (2) axles.
(4) "الجديدة من السيارات" يعني السيارات التي تم تجميعها في نهاية المطاف وبشكل كامل والتي في حوزة الشركة المصنعة ، فرع مصنع ، موزع ، تاجر الجملة ، أو السيارات التي تعمل أذن تاجر في ظل مبيعات صالحة واتفاق الخدمات ، حق الانتخاب ، أو عقد لبيع مثل هذه السيارة الممنوحة من قبل الشركة المصنعة ، فرع مصنع ، الموزع ، أو تاجر الجملة الذي هو ، في الواقع ، الجديد والذي لم يكن العنوان الأصلي الصادر.
(5) “Express warranty” or “warranty” means the written warranty, so labeled, of the manufacturer of a new automobile, including any terms or conditions precedent to the enforcement of obligations under the warranty.
(6) "الإعتزال" يعني عدم التطابق مع الضمان الصريحة على نحو يضعف بشكل كبير استخدام ، القيمة ، أو سلامة المركبات.
(7) "بدل معقول للاستخدام" وسائل مبلغ يعزى مباشرة لاستخدام المستهلك للسيارة أخرى غير تلك الفترات الزمنية عندما كانت المركبة خارج الخدمة بسبب عدم المطابقة.
367.842 خيارات مشتري اذا لم يتمكن من الشركة المصنعة لإصلاح عدم المطابقة في السيارات الجديدة -- حقوق lienholder -- تسوية المنازعات -- موزع ليس مسؤولا.
(1) إذا ، وبعد عدد معقول من المحاولات ، الشركة المصنعة أو وكلائها غير قادر على إصلاح عدم المطابقة في السيارة إلى الضمان الصريح خلال أول 12000 (12000) ميلا من العملية أو خلال أول 12 (12) أشهر من تاريخ التسليم إلى المشتري ، أيهما تاريخ سابق ، أن المشتري بالإبلاغ عن عدم المطابقة ، في الكتابة ، إلى الصانع.
(2) If, within the period specified in subsection (1) of this section, the manufacturer or its agents, are unable to repair or correct any nonconformity or defect that substantially impairs the use, value, or safety of the motor vehicle, after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer, at the option of the buyer, shall replace the motor vehicle with a comparable motor vehicle, or accept return of the vehicle from the buyer and refund to the buyer the full purchase price. ويكون سعر الشراء الكامل يشمل المبلغ المدفوع للسيارات ، تهمة تمويل ، كل من ضريبة المبيعات ، رسوم الترخيص رسوم التسجيل ، وأية رسوم مماثلة الحكومية بالإضافة إلى جميع رسوم الضمان ، وأقل بدل معقول لاستخدام المشتري للسيارة. Refunds shall be made to the buyer and lienholder, if any, as their interests may appear on the records of ownership kept by the Department of Vehicle Regulation. وتسري أحكام هذا الباب لا يؤثر على مصالح lienholder ، ما لم يوافق lienholder إلى الاستعاضة عن امتياز مع بامتياز المطابق على السيارات مقبولة من قبل المستهلكين في مقابل وجود السيارات لعدم المطابقة ، تدفع في lienholder كامل المبلغ المستحق على امتياز ، بما في ذلك الرسوم المالية وغيرها من الرسوم ، وذلك قبل تبادل السيارات أو إعادة الأموال إلى المستهلك يتم. ويجب أن يكون الدفاع الإيجابي لأية مطالبة بموجب هذه المادة على ما يلي :
(a) The nonconformity, defect, or condition does not substantially impair the use, value, or safety of the motor vehicle; or
(b) The nonconformity, defect, or condition is the result of abuse, neglect, or unauthorized modification or alteration of the motor vehicle by the buyer.
(3) يفترض أنه تم إجراء عدد معقول من المحاولات لتتفق مع السيارة إلى الضمان السارية في التعبير عن إذا ، ضمن أول 12000 (12000) ميلا من العملية أو خلال فترة اثني عشر (12) شهرا من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة إلى المشتري ، أيهما اقرب وقت :
(كان) وعدم المطابقة نفسه ، عيب ، أو حالة خضعت لإصلاح أربعة (4) مرات أو أكثر من قبل الشركة المصنعة ، ولكن مثل هذه المطابقة ، عيب ، أو شرط ما زال قائما ، أو
(ب المركبة هي خارج الخدمة (بسبب استخدام إصلاح اللامثالية نفسه ، عيب ، أو شرط لبلغ المجموع التراكمي لا يقل عن ثلاثين يوما (30).
(4) Disputes arising under subsection (2) of this section concerning refund or replacement shall be resolved through the dispute resolution system established under either KRS 367.860 to 367.870, or 16 CFR part 703. Such remedy shall be pursued prior to seeking any judicial relief under KRS 367.843.
(5) لا يجوز تفسير أي شيء في هذا الفصل على أنها تفرض أي مسؤولية على التاجر ، او ايجاد سبب الدعوى من قبل المستهلكين ضد تاجر.
(6) ليس في هذا القسم يجب بأي حال من الأحوال الحد من حقوق أو تعويضات التي هي على خلاف ذلك المتاحة للمشتري بموجب أي قانون آخر.
(7) أي اتفاق أبرم من جانب المشتري لشراء السيارات الجديدة التي تتنازل ، الحدود ، أو تتنصل من الحقوق المنصوص عليها في هذه المادة يكون باطلا ومخالفا للسياسة العامة.
(8) أي عمل جلب عملا بهذا الفرع أن تبدأ في غضون شهرين (2) بعد سنة من تاريخ التسليم الأصلي للسيارة الجديدة للمشتري.
(9) يجوز لأي محكمة جائزة معقولة أتعاب المحامي إلى المدعي السائدة.
367.843 العمل من أجل الإغاثة من قبل المشتري.
يجوز لأي شخص أن يشتري سيارة ويعاني بالتالي أي خسارة يمكن التحقق منها من أموال أو ممتلكات ، أو شخصية حقيقية ، ونتيجة لانتهاك 367.842 كرس] ، رفع دعوى بموجب أحكام كرس] 367.220 للإغاثة.
367.844 Manufacturer prohibited from exposing franchised dealer to liability.
No manufacturer shall, directly or indirectly, by any means or methods, expose or attempt to expose any franchised dealer to liability as forbidden in KRS 367.842(4) and (5). وأي انتهاك لهذا القسم أن تخضع لجميع الأحكام المعمول بها في القانون ، بما في ذلك سبيل المثال لا الحصر لأحكام 190.062 كرس] (2).
367.845 إنفاذ أحكام كرس] 367،842-367،844 من قبل النائب العام.
يجب عدم الامتثال لأحكام كرس] 367،842-367،844 من قبل الشركة المصنعة تكون غير قانونية. النائب العام يكون له سلطة لفرض كرس] 367،842-367،844 وفقا للصلاحيات التي توفرها و367.230 367.190 كرس] ، والتي تتعلق بأفعال غير مشروعة من قبل كرس] 367.170. استشهد سوف يتم تقييمها أي نفقات التي تجمعت لدى النائب العام من أحكام كرس] 367،842-367،844 عن مكتبه على السيارات المصنعة سيارة تشارك في أي عمل في لأحكام هذا القانون.
367.846 Application of KRS 367.840 to 367.845.
KRS 367.840 to 367.845 shall apply to new motor vehicles purchased after July 15, 1986, and to motor vehicles leased after July 15, 1998.
القرار غير رسمية النظام المنازعات
367.860 د 367.865 تعريف لكرس]
As used in KRS 367.865 unless the context requires otherwise:
(1) "المشتري" يعني أي شخص مقيم الذي يشتري أو عقود لشراء السيارات الجديدة في رابطة ولاية كنتاكي.
(2) "الصانع" تعني أي شخص أو مقيما أو غير مقيم ، الذي يصنع أو تجميع السيارات الجديدة التي تباع في رابطة ولاية كنتاكي.
(3) "السيارات" يعني أي اثنين (2) المحور للسيارات يحركها مع عجلات (4) ما لا يقل عن الأربعة التي مطلوب أن تكون مسجلة أو مرخصة في رابطة كنتاكي قبل أن يتم تشغيلها على الطرق السريعة ويتم استخدام أو اشترى لاستخدامها في المقام الأول عن الأسرة ، والشخصية ، أو لأغراض المنزلية.
(4) "الجديدة من السيارات" يعني السيارات التي ، بعد التجميع النهائي ، إما أن يكون في حوزة الشركة المصنعة ، فرع مصنع أو الموزع ، أو تشغيل مرخص لها بموجب امتياز مع الشركة المصنعة ، فرع مصنع أو الموزع ، وسند قانوني أو عادل الذي لم يكن موضوعا لبيع أو نقل أخرى من تاجر لآخر تعمل بموجب امتياز مماثلة مع نفس الشركة المصنعة ، فرع مصنع أو الموزع.
(5) “System” means an informal dispute resolution procedure adopted by each manufacturer to resolve questions of law and fact relating to disputes between the buyer and the manufacturer arising within the first two (2) years or twenty-five thousand (25,000) miles of the buyer's ownership, whichever occurs first, including but not limited to unsatisfactory warranty repairs of the buyer's motor vehicle, mechanical malfunctions of the buyer's motor vehicle, or other problems relating to the performance of the buyer's motor vehicle.
367.865 لتسوية المنازعات النظام غير الرسمي
(1) لا يجوز اعتبارا من 1 يناير 1983 ، كل المصنعة للسيارات تقدم للمشتري شامل لتسوية المنازعات غير رسمية النظام. من جانب المتعاملين التجارية في رابطة ولاية كنتاكي ، ويعتبر كل المصنعة لقد وافقت طوعا على المشاركة في النظام. يتعين على كل نظام تشغيل وفقا للقواعد والإجراءات التي كتبت :
(أ) ضمان أن النظام محايدة ، للوصول الى المشتري ، وسريعة ، وسوف تعمل دون أي تكلفة على المشتري ، (ب) تقديم أنه إذا كان المشتري يختار عرض النزاع على النظام ، ويقوم الصانع أن ترفض لعرض النزاع على النظام ما دام موضوع النزاع وقعت خلال أول سنتين (سنة) (2) أو 25000 (25000) ميلا ، أيهما أسبق ، من ملكية المشتري للسيارة المعنية في النزاع ؛
(ج) توفير نظام أن توفر ما يلزم لجلسة استماع ، ما لم يوافق المشتري خطيا بأن نظام يصدر قرارا يستند فقط على الوثائق المقدمة إليها ؛
(د) أن تشمل ، ولكن ليس على سبيل الحصر ، إجراءات لإعلام المشتري من وجود النظام ، وإعداد الاتفاق بين المشتري والصانع التي يمكن من خلالها عرض النزاع على النظام ، واختيار أعضاء لصنع صنع لوحة ، إبلاغ الأطراف في الشكوى ، والتحقيق في الشكوى ، التي تنص على عقد جلسات استماع ، وجعل قرار عادل وسريع ، وإبلاغ الأطراف للقرار.
(2) ويكون قرار لنظام يكون ملزما من الناحية القانونية على الشركة المصنعة. القرار الذي اتخذه النظام لن تكون ملزمة قانونا على المشتري ، ما لم يكن الصانع من يختار أن يكون له نظام ملزم لجميع المشترين الذين قمة منازعاتها إلى النظام. إذا كان النظام ليكون ملزما لكلا الطرفين ، واتفاق مكتوب بين المشتري والمصنع حيث يتم عرض النزاع على النظام يجب أن تشمل في النوع ، واضح الوجه جريئة البيان الآتي : "هل ينبغي أن نتذكر أنه من خلال الدخول في هذا الاتفاق الذي يتم البت في استخدام هذا النظام لتسوية المنازعات نزاع الخاص بك بدلا من اللجوء إلى المحاكم. بعد قرار المحكم ، وعادة للمحكمة أن ترفض الاستماع إلى الوقائع في قضية ولكن في جميع الحالات الأكثر استثنائية. مطلوب التوقيع الخاص بك على الفور أدناه تشير إلى أن كنت قد قرأت هذه DISCLOSURE.______________________________ "
توقيع المشتري
(3) قبل أن النزاع يمكن أن تقدم إلى نظام الذي هو ملزم قانونا لكلا الطرفين ، يجب على المشتري التوقيع على بيان الإفصاح عن المعلومات التي تتطلبها الفقرة الفرعية (2) من هذا الباب.
(4) Each manufacturer shall take steps reasonably calculated to make the buyer aware of the existence of the system at the time the dispute arises.
(5) كل الصانع أن تتخذ جميع الخطوات اللازمة لضمان معزولة بما فيه الكفاية نظام من الشركة المصنعة بحيث لا تؤثر في قرارات النظام من قبل الشركة المصنعة. وتتألف لوحة النظام في صنع القرار من أعضاء على الأقل واحد في المئة والخمسين (51 ٪) منهم لا تدخل في تصنيع أو توزيع أو بيع السيارات. لا يجوز لأي عضو البت في نزاع تكون طرفا في النزاع ، ولا يجوز لأي عضو البت في نزاع يكون موظفا أو وكيل لطرف في النزاع ، ما لم يكن فقط لغرض البت في النزاعات دون تحيز.
(6) لا شيء هنا تحظر الصانع من المشاركة في نظام رعاية أو التي يديرها طرف ثالث محايد ليس له دور مباشر في تصنيع وتوزيع وبيع ، أو خدمة السيارات.
(7) على كل نظام لتسوية المنازعات يقدم إلى مكتب المدعي العام ، بناء على طلبها ، واسم وعنوان كل من المشتري الذي يتم حل الشكوى من خلال نظامها. ويقوم النائب العام لديها السلطة لرصد كل نظام لتسوية المنازعات ، وكذا مراجعة السجلات على كل شكوى ، بناء على طلبها. An annual report shall be prepared and published by the office of the Attorney General evaluating the performance, effectiveness, and benefits of the system, and shall include in this report recommendations for continuing, modifying, or terminating the requirement of this section.
367.867 لتسوية المنازعات الأخرى في منظومة يفي بمتطلبات كرس] 367.865
بصرف النظر عن أحكام كرس] 367،860-367،870 ، نزاع قرار النظام الذي أنشئ عملا ، وبما يتوافق مع الجزء الاتحادية 16 703 يفي بمتطلبات كرس] 367.865 ، طالما أن نظام تسوية المنازعات يوفر كل طرف من أطراف النزاع مع الحق في جلسة استماع عن طريق الفم.
تي 367،870 جهات القوة غير الرسمية نظام تسوية المنازعات
يجب عدم الامتثال لكرس] 367.865 من قبل الشركة المصنعة تكون غير قانونية. النائب العام يكون له سلطة لفرض كرس] 367.865 وفقا للصلاحيات التي توفرها كرس] 367.190 367.300 367.230 ول، والتي تتعلق بأفعال غير مشروعة من قبل كرس] 367.170
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Louisiana Lemon Law
Vehicles under 10,000 lbs., sold in this state and excluding motor homes, motorcycles, and vehicles used for commercial purposes only.
Louisiana Lemon Law may apply if the following has occurred
4 repair attempts – 30 calendar days out of service
Length of time or miles before the Louisiana Lemon Law runs out
أعرب عن فترة الضمان أو 1 سنة ، أيهما أسبق.
Lemon Law in Louisiana
RS51:1941
§1941. تعريفات
The following definitions apply when used in this Chapter:
(1) “Collateral costs” means sales tax, license fees, and registration fees and any similar governmental charges.(2) “Consumer” means: (3) “Dealer” means a person authorized by the manufacturer and actively engaged in the business of buying, selling, or exchanging new automobiles, new personal watercraft, new all-terrain vehicles, or new motor homes at retail and who has an established place of business.(4) “Manufacturer” means any person, firm, association, corporation, or trust, resident or nonresident, who manufactures or assembles new and unused motor vehicles.
(5) “Manufacturer's express warranty” and “warranty” mean the written warranty of the manufacturer of a new motor vehicle of its condition and fitness for use, including any terms or conditions precedent to the enforcement of an obligation under that warranty.
(6) “Motor vehicle” means a passenger motor vehicle or a passenger and commercial motor vehicle as defined in RS 32:1252(13), sold in this state on or after September 1, 1984. “Motor vehicle” shall include a personal watercraft as defined in RS 34:855.2 and an all-terrain vehicle as defined in RS 32:771(1), sold in this state or still under warranty on or after August 15, 1999, which is used exclusively for personal and not commercial purposes. “Motor vehicle” shall include the chassis and drive train of a motor home as defined in RS 32:1252(12), sold in this state or still under warranty on or after August 15, 1999, which is used exclusively for personal and not commercial purposes. For the purposes of this Chapter, the following motor vehicles are excluded:
(a) Motor vehicles, except for motor homes, 10,000 GVW or above.(b) Motor vehicles used exclusively for commercial purposes.
(7) “Nonconformity” means any specific or generic defect or malfunction, or any defect or condition which substantially impairs the use, market value or both of a motor vehicle.
Acts 1984, No. 228,§ 1; Acts 1986, No. 553,§ 1; Acts 1999, No. 933,§ 1; Acts 1999, No. 1048,§ 1, eff. July 9, 1999. RS51:1942
§1942. Manufacturer's duty to repair; nonconformity
If a new motor vehicle does not conform to an applicable express warranty, and the consumer reports the nonconformity to the manufacturer or any of its authorized motor vehicle dealers and makes the motor vehicle available for repair before the expiration of the warranty or during a period of one year following the date of the original delivery of the motor vehicle to a consumer, whichever is the earlier date, the manufacturer, its agent, or its authorized dealer shall make such repairs as are necessary to conform the vehicle to such warranty, notwithstanding the fact that such repairs are made after the expiration of such terms or such one-year period.
Acts 1984, No. 228,§ 1.
RS51:1943
§1943. Express warranties; time limit to conform
أ.
(1) It shall be presumed that a reasonable number of attempts have been undertaken to conform a motor vehicle to the applicable express warranties if the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair for a cumulative total of ninety or more calendar days or the same nonconformity has been subject to repair four or more times by the manufacturer, its agent, or its authorized dealer within the warranty term or during a period of one year following the date of the original delivery of the motor vehicle to the consumer, whichever is the earlier date.(2) (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Paragraph (1) of this Subsection, in the case of a motor home, the consumer shall provide written notification to the manufacturer of any of the following: (i) The need to repair the nonconformity.(ii) Evidence of a cumulative total of at least ninety days of the motor home being out of service.(iii) Evidence that the same nonconformity has been subject to repair four or more times by the manufacturer, its agent, or its authorized dealer within the warranty term or during a period of one year following the date of the original delivery of the motor vehicle to the consumer, whichever is the earlier date.
(b) Upon such notification, the manufacturer shall have a final attempt to repair the vehicle. The manufacturer shall have five business days upon receipt of such notification to respond to the consumer as to where the motor home may be delivered for repair. The repair facility shall be one which is authorized by the manufacturer to perform the necessary warranty work.(c) Once delivered, the repair facility shall have ten business days within which to conform the vehicle to the applicable warranty. The time periods provided for in this Paragraph may only be extended if the consumer authorizes such extension in writing.
(3) If a manufacturer fails to respond to the consumer or to perform the repairs within the time periods described in Paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Subsection, such manufacturer shall be deemed to have waived his rights to a final attempt to cure the nonconformity.
B. The term of an express warranty shall be extended by any period of time during which repair services are not available to the consumer because of war, invasion, strike, fire, flood, or natural disaster.C. The provisions in Subsection A of this Section shall be suspended for any period of time during which repair services cannot be performed by the manufacturer, its agents, or authorized dealer because of war, invasion, strike, fire, flood, or natural disaster.
Acts 1984, No. 228,§ 1; Acts 1999, No. 933,§ 1.
RS51:1944
§1944. Motor vehicle replacement or refund
A. If a nonconformity in a motor home has not been repaired within the time periods provided for in RS 32:1943(A)(2), or if after four or more attempts within the express warranty term or during a period of one year following the date of the original delivery to the consumer of a motor vehicle which is not a motor home, whichever is the earlier, the nonconformity has not been repaired or if the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair for a cumulative total of ninety or more calendar days during the warranty period, the manufacturer shall:
(1) Replace the motor vehicle with a comparable new motor vehicle, or, at its option,(2) Accept return of the motor vehicle and refund the full purchase price plus any amounts paid by the consumer at the point of sale, and all collateral costs less a reasonable allowance for use to the consumer, or any holder of a perfected security interest in the motor vehicle, as their interest may appear, if the transaction was a sale.
B. If the transaction is a lease, the provisions of Paragraph (1) of Subsection (A) of this Section are applicable or the manufacturer may, if the lessor is willing, accept return of the motor vehicle and reimburse the lessee for all reasonable expenditures in connection with the lease, and further satisfy all conditions of the lease in connection with early termination and related charges. The lessee shall be liable for a reasonable allowance for use of the vehicle prior to the return thereof.C. A reasonable allowance for use shall be that amount directly attributable to use by the consumer prior to his first notice of nonconformity to the manufacturer, agent, or dealer and during any subsequent period when the vehicle is not out of service by reason of repair.
D. If a manufacturer has established an informal dispute settlement procedure which substantially complies with the provisions of Title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 703, as from time to time amended, the provisions of Subsections (A), (B) and (C) of this Section concerning refunds or replacement shall not apply to any consumer who has not first resorted to such procedure.
E. The consumer shall have no more than three years from the date he purchased the motor vehicle or until one year from the end of the warranty period, whichever is longer, in which to file suit against the manufacturer to force compliance with the provisions of this Section.
Acts 1984, No. 228,§ 1; Acts 1986, No. 553,§ 1; Acts 1995, No. 1136,§ 1; Acts 1999, No. 933,§ 1.
RS51:1945
§1945. Transfer of title; time limitation
At the time of receiving the comparable new motor vehicle or refund under RS 51:1944, the consumer, or lessor, where applicable, shall surrender the motor vehicle subject to the nonconformity to the manufacturer together with the certificate of title with all endorsements necessary to transfer title to the manufacturer. The manufacturer shall provide the consumer, or lessor, where applicable, with a comparable new motor vehicle or refund within thirty days after an offer to transfer title in compliance with this Section by the consumer, or lessor, where applicable, or within thirty days after a decision by the informal dispute settlement procedure established by the manufacturer to award a refund or replacement.
Acts 1984, No. 228,§ 1; Acts 1986, No. 553,§ 1.
RS51:1945
§1945.1. Mandatory disclosure of nonconformity to warranty by sellers
أ.
(1) Upon the sale or transfer of title by a manufacturer, its agent, or any dealer of any second-hand motor vehicle, previously returned to a manufacturer for nonconformity to its warranty pursuant to the requirements of this Chapter, the manufacturer shall execute and deliver to the buyer an instrument in writing in a form prescribed by the commissioner setting forth the following information in ten point, all capital type:”IMPORTANT: THIS VEHICLE WAS RETURNED TO THE MANUFACTURER OR DEALER BECAUSE IT DID NOT CONFORM TO ITS WARRANTY AND THE DEFECT OR CONDITION WAS NOT FIXED WITHIN THE TIME PROVIDED BY LOUISIANA LAW.”(2) Such notice that a vehicle was returned to the manufacturer because it did not conform to its warranty shall also be conspicuously printed on the motor vehicle's certificate of title.
B. The failure of a dealer to deliver to the buyer the instrument required by this Section shall constitute a violation of this Chapter and shall be punishable by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars for each violation.Acts 1992, No. 603,§ 1.
RS51:1946
§1946. Other remedies
Nothing in this Chapter shall in any way limit the rights or remedies which are otherwise available to a consumer under any other law.
Acts 1984, No. 228,§ 1.
RS51:1947
§1947. Attorney fees
If the motor vehicle does not conform to applicable express warranties after the consumer has complied with the requirements of this Chapter, the consumer shall be entitled to reasonable attorney fees actually incurred if a judgment is rendered in part or whole in his favor.
Acts 1985, No. 169,§ 1.
RS51:1948
§1948. Manufacturer's duty to provide reimbursement for temporary replacement vehicle; penalties
A. Whenever a motor vehicle which is covered by a manufacturer's express warranty is tendered by a consumer to the dealer from whom it was purchased or exchanged for the repair of any defect, malfunction, or nonconformity to which the warranty is applicable and at least one of the following conditions exists, the manufacturer shall provide directly to the consumer for the duration of the repair period a rental vehicle reimbursement of up to twenty dollars per day:
(1) The repair period exceeds ten work days, including the day on which the motor vehicle is tendered to the dealer for repair.(2) The defect, malfunction, or nonconformity is the same for which the motor vehicle has been tendered to the dealer for repair on two previous occasions.
B. The provisions of this Section regarding a manufacturer's duty shall extend only for the period of the length of the manufacturer's express warranty or for two years, whichever period of time occurs first.C. For violations of the provisions of Subsection A, the consumer shall be entitled to recover from the manufacturer for damages incurred and reasonable attorney fees actually incurred; however, in no event shall the amount of damages awarded be less than two hundred dollars. The provisions of this Section will become effective as to cars sold after January 1, 1987, and will not be in effect in case of war, work stoppages, and natural disasters beyond the control of the manufacturer that would prevent the timely repair or parts delivery to a dealer.
D. This Section shall not apply to personal watercraft or all-terrain vehicles tendered to a manufacturer for repair.
E. This Section shall not apply to motor homes tendered to a manufacturer for repair.
Acts 1986, No. 1058,§ 1; Acts 1999, No. 933,§ 1; Acts 1999, No. 1048,§ 1, eff. July 9, 1999.
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Maine Lemon Law
Vehicles sold or leased new in Maine except commercial vehicles over 8,000 lbs. or business or commercial enterprise registering 3 or more motor vehicles. (م)
Maine Lemon Law may apply if the following has occurred
3 repair attempts – 15 business days out of service
Length of time or miles before the Maine Lemon Law runs out
2 سنوات أو 18،000 ميل ، أيهما أسبق.
Lemon Law in Maine
10 § 1161. Definitions As used in this chapter, unless the context indicates otherwise, the following terms have the following meanings. [1983, c. 145 (new).]
1. Consumer. “Consumer” means the purchaser, other than for purposes of resale, or the lessee, of a motor vehicle, any person to whom the motor vehicle is transferred during the duration of an express warranty applicable to the motor vehicle and any other person entitled by the terms of the warranty to enforce the obligations of the warranty, except that the term “consumer” shall not include any governmental entity, or any business or commercial enterprise which registers 3 or more motor vehicles. [1987, c. 359, § 1 (amd).]
2. Manufacturer. “Manufacturer” means manufacturer, importer, distributor or anyone who is named as the warrantor on an express written warranty on a motor vehicle. [1983, c. 145 (new).]
3. Motor vehicle. “Motor vehicle” means any motor driven vehicle, designed for the conveyance of passengers or property on the public highways, which is sold or leased in this State, except that the term “motor vehicle” does not include any commercial vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of 8,500 pounds or more. [1987, c. 359, § 2 (amd).]
4. Reasonable allowance for use. “Reasonable allowance for use” means that amount obtained by multiplying the total purchase price of the vehicle by a fraction having as its denominator 100,000 and having as its numerator the number of miles that the vehicle traveled prior to the manufacturer's acceptance of its return. [1985, c. 220, § 1 (new).]
5. State-certified arbitration. “State-certified arbitration” means the informal dispute settlement procedure administered by the Department of the Attorney General which arbitrates consumer complaints dealing with new motor vehicles that may be so defective as to qualify for equitable relief under the Maine lemon laws. [1989, c. 570, §1 (new).]
10 § 1162. Scope; construction
1. Consumer rights. Nothing in this chapter in any way limits the rights or remedies which are otherwise available to a consumer under any other law. [1983, c. 145 (new).]
2. Manufacturers, distributors, agents and dealers. Nothing in this chapter in any way limits the rights or remedies of franchisees under chapter 204 or other applicable law. [1983, c. 145 (new).]
3. Waivers void. Any agreement entered into by a consumer which waives, limits or disclaims the rights set forth in this chapter shall be void as contrary to public policy. [1985, c. 220, § 2 (new).]
10 § 1163. Rights and duties
1. Repair of nonconformities. If a new motor vehicle does not conform to all express warranties, the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer shall make those repairs necessary to conform the vehicle to the express warranties if the consumer reports the nonconformity to the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer during the term of the express warranties, within a period of 2 years following the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to a consumer, or during the first 18,000 miles of operation, whichever is the earlier date. This obligation exists notwithstanding the fact that the repairs are made after the expiration of the appropriate time period.
- A. [1989, c. 570, §2 (rp).]
- B. [1989, c. 570, §2 (rp).]
[1989, c. 570, §2 (rpr).]
2. Failure to make effective repair. If the manufacturer or its agents or authorized dealers are unable to conform the motor vehicle to any applicable express warranty by repairing or correcting any defect or condition, or combination of defects or conditions, which substantially impairs the use, safety or value of the motor vehicle after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer shall either replace the motor vehicle with a comparable new motor vehicle or accept return of the vehicle from the consumer and make a refund to the consumer and lienholder, if any, as their interests may appear. The consumer may reject any offered replacement and receive instead a refund. The refund shall consist of the following items, less a reasonable allowance for use of the vehicle:
- A. The full purchase price or, if a leased vehicle, the lease payments made to date, including any paid finance charges on the purchased or leased vehicle; [1991, c. 64 (amd).]
- B. All collateral charges, including, but not limited to, sales tax, license and registration fees and similar government charges; and [1985, c. 220, § 3 (new).]
- C. Costs incurred by the consumer for towing and storage of the vehicle and for procuring alternative transportation while the vehicle was out of service by reason of repair. [1985, c. 220, § 3 (new).]
The provisions of this section shall not affect the obligations of a consumer under a loan or sales contract or the secured interest of any secured party. The secured party shall consent to the replacement of the security interest with a corresponding security interest on a replacement motor vehicle which is accepted by the consumer in exchange for the motor vehicle, if the replacement motor vehicle is comparable in value to the original motor vehicle. If, for any reason, the security interest in the new motor vehicle having a defect or condition is not able to be replaced with a corresponding security interest on a new motor vehicle accepted by the consumer, the consumer shall accept a refund. Refunds required under this section shall be made to the consumer and the secured party, if any, as their interests exist at the time the refund is to be made. Similarly, refunds to a lessor and lessee shall be made as their interests exist at the time the refund is to be made. [1991, c. 64 (amd).]
3. Reasonable number of attempts; presumption. There is a presumption that a reasonable number of attempts have been undertaken to conform a motor vehicle to the applicable express warranties if:
- A. The same nonconformity has been subject to repair 3 or more times by the manufacturer or its agents or authorized dealers within the express warranty term, during the period of 2 years following the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to a consumer or during the first 18,000 miles of operation, whichever is the earlier date, and at least 2 of those times the same agent or dealer attempted the repair but the nonconformity continues to exist; or [1989, c. 570, §3 (rpr).]
- و- 1. [1989, c. 570, §3 (rp).]
- B. The vehicle is out of service by reason of repair by the manufacturer, its agents or authorized dealer, of any defect or condition or combination of defects for a cumulative total of 15 or more business days during that warranty term or the appropriate time period, whichever is the earlier date. [1989, c. 570, §3 (rpr).]
[1989, c. 570, §3 (rpr).]
3 ألف. Final opportunity to repair. If the manufacturer or his agents have been unable to make the repairs necessary to conform the vehicle to the express warranties, the consumer shall notify, in writing, the manufacturer or the authorized dealer of his desire for a refund or replacement. For the 7 business days following receipt by the dealer or the manufacturer of this notice, the manufacturer shall have a final opportunity to correct or repair any nonconformities. This final repair effort shall be at a repair facility that is reasonably accessible to the consumer. This repair effort shall not stay the time period within which the manufacturer must provide an arbitration hearing pursuant to section 1165. [1987, c. 359, § 4 (new).]
4. Time limit; extension. The term of an express warranty, the one-year and 2-year periods following delivery and the 15-day period provided in subsection 3, paragraph B, shall be extended by any period of time during which repair services are not available to the consumer because of a war, invasion, strike or fire, flood or other natural disaster. [1987, c. 395, § 5 (amd).]
5. Dealer liability. Nothing in this chapter may be construed as imposing any liability on a dealer or creating a cause of action by a consumer against a dealer under this section, except regarding any written express warranties made by the dealer apart from the manufacturer's own warranties. [1983, c. 145 (new).]
6. Disclosure of notice requirement. No consumer may be required to notify the manufacturer of a claim under this section, unless the manufacturer has clearly and conspicuously disclosed to the consumer, in the warranty or owner's manual, that written notification of the nonconformity is required before the consumer may be eligible for a refund or replacement of the vehicle. The manufacturer shall include with the warranty or owner's manual the name and address to which the consumer shall send the written notification. [1987, c. 395, § 6 (amd).]
6-A. Notification of dealer. Consumers may also satisfy a manufacturer's notice requirement by notifying in writing the authorized dealer of a claim under this section. The dealer shall act as the manufacturer's agent and immediately communicate to the manufacturer the consumer's claim. [1987, c. 359, § 7 (new).]
7. Disclosure at time of resale. No motor vehicle which is returned to the manufacturer under subsection 2, may be resold without clear and conspicuous written disclosure to any subsequent purchaser, whether that purchaser is a consumer or a dealer, of the following information:
- A. That the motor vehicle was returned to the manufacturer under this chapter; [1985, c. 220, § 3 (new).]
- B. That the motor vehicle did not conform to the manufacturer's express warranties; and [1985, c. 220, § 3 (new).]
- C. The ways in which the motor vehicle did not conform to the manufacturer's express warranties. [1985, c. 220, § 3 (new).]
[1985, c. 220, § 3 (new).]
10 § 1164. Affirmative defense
It is an affirmative defense to any claim under this chapter that: [1983, c. 145 (new).]
1. Lack of impairment. An alleged nonconformity does not substantially impair the use, safety or value of the motor vehicle; or [1985, c. 220, § 4 (amd).]
2. Abuse. A nonconformity is the result of abuse, neglect or unauthorized modifications or alterations of a motor vehicle by anyone other than the manufacturer, its agents or authorized dealers since delivery to the consumer. [1983, c. 145 (new).]
10 § 1165. Informal dispute settlement
If a manufacturer has established an informal dispute settlement procedure which complies in all respects with the provisions of 16 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 703, as from time to time amended, the provisions of section 1163, subsection 2, concerning refunds or replacement shall not apply to any consumer who has not first resorted to that procedure or to state-certified arbitration. This requirement shall be satisfied 40 days after notification to the informal dispute settlement procedure of the dispute or when the procedure's duties under 16 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 703.5 (d), are completed, whichever occurs sooner. [1989, c. 570, §4 (amd).]
10 § 1166. Unfair or deceptive trade practice
A violation of any of the provisions of this chapter shall be considered prima facie evidence of an unfair or deceptive trade practice under Title 5, chapter 10. [1985, c. 220, § 6 (new).]
10 § 1167. Attorney's fees
In the case of a consumer's successful action to enforce any liability under this chapter, a court may award reasonable attorney's fees and costs incurred in connection with the action. [1985, c. 220, § 7 (new).]
10 § 1168. New car leases
For the purposes of this chapter only, the following apply to leases of new motor vehicles. [1987, c. 359, § 8 (new).]
1. الضمانات. If express warranties are regularly furnished to purchasers of substantially the same kind of motor vehicles:
- A. Those warranties shall be deemed to apply to the leased motor vehicles; and [1987, c. 359, § 8 (new).]
- B. The consumer lessee shall be deemed to be the first purchaser of the motor vehicle for the purpose of any warranty provisions limiting warranty benefits to the original purchaser. [1987, c. 359, § 8 (new).]
[1987, c. 359, § 8 (new).]
2. Lessee's rights. The lessee of a motor vehicle has the same rights under this chapter against the manufacturer and any person making express warranties that the lessee would have under this chapter if the vehicle had been purchased by the lessee. The manufacturer and any person making express warranties have the same duties and obligations under this chapter with respect to the vehicle that the manufacturer and other person would have under this chapter if the goods had been sold to the lessee. [1987, c. 359, § 8 (new).]
10 § 1169. State motor vehicle dispute arbitration and mediation
1. Neutral new car arbitration. All manufacturers shall submit to state-certified, new car arbitration if arbitration is requested by the consumer within 2 years from the date of original delivery to the consumer of a new motor vehicle or during the first 18,000 miles of operation, whichever comes first. State-certified arbitration shall be performed by one or more neutral arbitrators selected by the Department of the Attorney General operating in accordance with the rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter. The Attorney General may contract with an independent entity to provide arbitration or the Attorney General's office may appoint neutral arbitrators. Each party to an arbitration is entitled to one rejection of a proposed arbitrator. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
2. Written findings. Each arbitration shall result in a written finding of whether the motor vehicle in dispute meets the standards set forth by this chapter for vehicles that are required to be replaced or refunded. This finding shall be issued within 45 days of receipt by the Department of the Attorney General of a properly completed written request by a consumer for state-certified arbitration under this section. All findings of fact issuing from a state-certified arbitration shall be taken as admissible evidence of whether the standards set forth in this chapter for vehicles required to be refunded or replaced have been met in any subsequent action brought by either party ensuing from the matter considered in the arbitration. The finding reporting date may be extended by 5 days if the arbitrator seeks an independent evaluation of the motor vehicle. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
3. Administered by Attorney General. The Department of the Attorney General shall promulgate rules governing the proceedings of state-certified arbitration which shall promote fairness and efficiency. These rules shall include, but are not limited to, a requirement of the personal objectivity of each arbitrator in the results of the dispute that that arbitrator will hear, and the protection of the right of each party to present its case and to be in attendance during any presentation made by the other party. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
4. Consumer arbitration relief. If a motor vehicle is found by state-certified arbitration to have met the standards set forth in section 1163, subsection 2, for vehicles required to be replaced or refunded, and if the manufacturer of the motor vehicle is found to have failed to provide the refund or replacement as required, the manufacturer shall, within 21 days from the receipt of a finding, deliver the refund or replacement, including the costs and collateral charges set forth in section 1163, subsection 2, or appeal the finding in Superior Court. For good cause, a manufacturer may seek from the Department of the Attorney General an extension of the time within which it must deliver to the consumer a replacement vehicle. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
5. Appeal of arbitration decision. No appeal by a manufacturer or the consumer of the arbitrator's findings may be heard unless the petition for appeal is filed with the Superior Court of the county in which the sale occurred, within 21 days of issuance of the finding of the state-certified arbitration.
In the event that any state-certified arbitration resulting in an award of a refund or replacement is upheld by the court, recovery by the consumer may include continuing damages up to the amount of $25 per day for each day subsequent to the day the motor vehicle was returned to the manufacturer, pursuant to section 1163, that the vehicle was out of use as a direct result of any nonconformity, not issuing from owner negligence, accident, vandalism or any attempt to repair or substantially modify the vehicle by a person other than the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer, provided that the manufacturer did not make a comparable vehicle available to the consumer free of charge.
In addition to any other recovery, any prevailing consumer shall be awarded reasonable attorney's fees and costs. If the court finds that the manufacturer did not have any reasonable basis for its appeal or that the appeal was frivolous, the court shall double the amount of the total award to the consumer. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
6. Consumer's rights if arbitrator denies relief. The provisions of this chapter shall not be construed to limit or restrict in any way the rights or remedies provided to consumers under this chapter or any other state law. In addition, if any consumer is dissatisfied with any finding of state-certified arbitration, the consumer shall have the right to apply to the manufacturer's informal dispute settlement procedure, if the consumer has not already done so, or may appeal that finding to the Superior Court of the county in which the sale occurred, within 21 days of the decision. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
7. Disclosure of consumer lemon law rights. A clear and conspicuous disclosure of the rights of the consumer under this chapter shall be provided by the manufacturer to the consumer along with ownership manual materials. The form and manner of these notices shall be prescribed by rule of the Department of the Attorney General. The notice disclosures shall not include window stickers. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
8. Manufacturer's failure to abide by arbitrator's decision. The failure of a manufacturer either to abide by the decision of state-certified arbitration or to file a timely appeal shall entitle any prevailing consumer who has brought an action to enforce this chapter to an award of no less than 2 times the actual award, unless the manufacturer can prove that the failure was beyond the manufacturer's control or can show it was the result of a written agreement with the consumer. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
9. Consumer request for information. Upon request from the consumer, the manufacturer or dealer shall provide a copy of all repair records for the consumer's motor vehicle and all reports relating to that motor vehicle, including reports by the dealer or manufacturer concerning inspection, diagnosis or test-drives of that vehicle and any technical reports, bulletins or notices issued by the manufacturer regarding the specific make and model of the consumer's new motor vehicle as it pertains to any material, feature, component or the performance of the motor vehicle. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
10. العقوبات. It shall be prima facie evidence of an unfair trade practice under Title 5, chapter 10, for a manufacturer, within 21 days of receipt of any finding in favor of the consumer in state-certified arbitration, to fail to appeal the finding and not deliver a refund or replacement vehicle or not receive from the Department of the Attorney General an extension of time for delivery of the replacement vehicle. [1989, c. 570, §5 (new).]
11. Arbitration and mediation account. To defray the costs incurred by the Department of the Attorney General in resolving consumer new and used motor vehicle disputes through the lemon law arbitration program and, for vehicles that do not qualify for arbitration, the consumer mediation service, the following fees are imposed.
- A. A $1 lemon law arbitration program fee must be collected by the authorized new car dealer from the purchaser as part of each new motor vehicle sale agreement. [1993, c. 415, Pt. K, §2 (new).]
- B. A $1 consumer mediation service fee must be collected by the used car dealer from the purchaser as part of each used motor vehicle sale agreement. [1993, c. 415, Pt. K, §2 (new).]
The Secretary of State shall adopt rules to implement this subsection. The rules must provide that the fees imposed by this subsection must be forwarded annually by the dealer or its successor to the Secretary of State and deposited in the General Fund. At the end of each fiscal year, the Department of the Attorney General shall prepare a report listing the money generated by these fees during the fiscal year and the expenses incurred in administering its consumer dispute resolution programs. [1993, c. 415, Pt. K, §2 (rpr).]
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Maryland Lemon Law
Purchased or leased passenger vehicles, trucks with a ton or less rated capacity, and multi-purpose vehicles registered in the state, excluding fleets of 5 or more motor vehicles and excluding motor homes as defined under the Motor Vehicle Administration
Maryland Lemon Law may apply if the following has occurred
1 unsuccessful repair of braking or steering system failure, 4 repair attempts or 30 days out of service.
Length of time or miles before the Maryland Lemon Law runs out
15 months or 15,000 miles, whichever occurs first or 1 year/12,000 miles whichever occurs first for leased vehicles.
Lemon Law in Maryland
§ 14-1501.
(a) In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.
(b) “Consumer” means:
(1) The purchaser, other than for purposes of resale, of a new motor vehicle;
(2) Any person to whom a new motor vehicle is transferred during the duration of the warranty applicable to such motor vehicle; or
(3) Any other person who is entitled to enforce the obligations of the warranty.
(ج)
1) “Motor vehicle” means a vehicle that is registered in this State as a:
(i) Class A (passenger) vehicle;
(ii) Class D (motorcycle) vehicle;
(iii) Class E (truck) vehicle with a 3/4 ton or less manufacturer's rated capacity; or
(iv) Class M (multipurpose) vehicle.
(2) “Motor vehicle” does not include a motor home. For the purpose of administering this subtitle, the Motor Vehicle Administration shall promulgate a regulation defining a motor home.
(d) “Dealer” has the meaning provided in § 15-101(b) of the Transportation Article.
(e) “Manufacturer, factory branch, or distributor” means a person, partnership, association, corporation, or entity engaged in the business of manufacturing or assembling motor vehicles or of distributing motor vehicles to motor vehicle dealers as defined in § 15-201(b), (c), and (e) of the Transportation Article.
(f) “Warranty” means warranties as defined in §§ 2-312, 2-313, 2-314, and 2-315 of this article.
(ز)
(1) “Manufacturer's warranty period” means the earlier of:
(i) The period of the motor vehicle's first 15,000 miles of operation; or
(ii) 15 months following the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to the consumer.
(2) This subsection does not extend any manufacturer's express warranty.
§ 14-1502.
(a) If the manufacturer's warranty period is to include those miles of operation when the new motor vehicle is in the possession of any person other than the consumer, the manufacturer shall state that fact in 12 point bold face type in the manufacturer's written warranty.
(ب)
(1) If a new motor vehicle does not conform to all applicable warranties during the warranty period, the consumer shall, during such period, report the nonconformity, defect, or condition by giving written notice to the manufacturer or factory branch by certified mail, return receipt requested. Notice of this procedure shall be conspicuously disclosed to the consumer in writing at the time of sale or delivery of the motor vehicle.
(2) The consumer shall provide an opportunity for the manufacturer or factory branch, or its agent to cure the nonconformity, defect, or condition.
(3) The manufacturer or factory branch, its agent, or its authorized dealer shall correct the nonconformity, defect, or condition at no charge to the consumer, even if repairs are made after the expiration of the warranty period. The corrections shall be completed within 30 days of the manufacturer's receipt of the consumer's notification of the nonconformity, defect, or condition.
(ج)
(1) If, during the warranty period, the manufacturer or factory branch, its agent, or its authorized dealer is unable to repair or correct any defect or condition that substantially impairs the use and market value of the motor vehicle to the consumer after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer or factory branch, at the option of the consumer, shall:
(i) Replace the motor vehicle with a comparable motor vehicle acceptable to the consumer; or
(ii) Accept return of the motor vehicle from the consumer and refund to the consumer the full purchase price including all license fees, registration fees, and any similar governmental charges, less:
1. A reasonable allowance for the consumer's use of the vehicle not to exceed 15 percent of the purchase price; and
2. A reasonable allowance for damage not attributable to normal wear but not to include damage resulting from a nonconformity, defect, or condition.
(2) The manufacturer or factory branch shall make refunds under this section to the consumer and lienholder, if any, as their interests appear on the records of ownership maintained by the Motor Vehicle Administration.
(3) It is an affirmative defense to any claim under this section that the nonconformity, defect, or condition:
(i) Does not substantially impair the use and market value of the motor vehicle; or
(ii) Is the result of abuse, neglect, or unauthorized modifications or alterations of the motor vehicle.
(d) It shall be presumed that a reasonable number of attempts have been undertaken to conform a motor vehicle to the applicable warranties if:
(1) The same nonconformity, defect, or condition has been subject to repair 4 or more times by the manufacturer or factory branch, or its agents or authorized dealers, within the warranty period but such nonconformity, defect, or condition continues to exist;
(2) The vehicle is out of service by reason of repair of 1 or more nonconformities, defects, or conditions for a cumulative total of 30 or more days during the warranty period; or
(3) A nonconformity, defect, or condition resulting in failure of the braking or steering system has been subject to the same repair at least once within the warranty period, and the manufacturer has been notified and given the opportunity to cure the defect, and the repair does not bring the vehicle into compliance with the motor vehicle safety inspection laws of the State.
(e) The term of any warranty, the warranty period, and the 30 day out of service period shall be extended by any time during which repair services are not available to the consumer by reason of war, invasion, strike, or fire, flood, or other natural disaster.
(و)
(1)
(i) It shall be the duty of a dealer to notify the manufacturer of the existence of a nonconformity, defect, or condition within 7 days when the motor vehicle is delivered to the same dealer for a fourth time for repair of the same nonconformity or when the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair of one or more nonconformities, defects, or conditions for a cumulative total of 20 days.
(ii) The notification shall be sent by certified mail and a copy of the notification shall be sent to the Motor Vehicle Administration; however, failure of the dealer to give the required notice required under this subsection shall not affect the consumer's right under this subtitle.
(2) If a motor vehicle is returned to a manufacturer or factory branch either under this subtitle, or by judgment, decree, arbitration award, or by voluntary agreement, the manufacturer or factory branch shall notify the Motor Vehicle Administration in writing within 15 days of the fact that the vehicle was returned.
(ز)
(1)
(i) If a motor vehicle that is returned to the manufacturer under either this subtitle or by judgment, decree, arbitration award, settlement agreement, or by voluntary agreement in this or any other state and is then transferred to a dealer in Maryland, the manufacturer shall disclose this information to the dealer.
(ii) The manufacturer's disclosure under this paragraph shall be in writing on a separate piece of paper in 10 point all capital type and shall state in a clear and conspicuous manner:
1. That the motor vehicle was returned to the manufacturer or factory branch;
2. The nature of the defect, if any, that resulted in the return; and
3. The condition of the motor vehicle at the time that it is transferred to the dealer.
(2)
(i) If the returned vehicle is then made available for resale, the seller shall provide a copy of the manufacturer's disclosure form to the consumer prior to sale.
(ii) If the returned vehicle is sold, the seller shall send a copy of the manufacturer's disclosure form, signed by the consumer, to the Administration.
(h) This section does not limit the rights or remedies that are otherwise available to a consumer under any other law, including any implied warranties.
(ط)
(1) If a manufacturer or factory branch has established an informal dispute settlement procedure which complies in all respects with the provisions of Title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 703, as amended, a consumer may resort to that procedure before subsection (c) of this section applies.
(2) A consumer who has resorted to an informal dispute settlement procedure may not be precluded from seeking the rights or remedies available by law.
(j)
(1) Any agreement entered into by a consumer for the purchase of a new motor vehicle that waives, limits, or disclaims the rights set forth in this section shall be void.
(2) The rights available to a consumer under this section shall inure to a subsequent transferee of a new motor vehicle for the duration of the applicable warranties.
(k) Any action brought under this section shall be commenced within 3 years of the date of original delivery of the motor vehicle to the consumer.
(ل)
(1) A court may award reasonable attorney's fees to a prevailing plaintiff under this section.
(2) If it appears to the satisfaction of the court that an action is brought in bad faith or is of a frivolous nature, the court may order the offending party to pay to the other party reasonable attorney's fees.
(m) This subtitle does not apply to a fleet purchase of five or more motor vehicles.
§ 14-1502.1.
(a) The Motor Vehicle Administration shall:
(1) Develop a notice that describes the rights provided to consumers under this subtitle;
(2) Make the notice available to all dealers that sell new motor vehicles in the State; and
(3) Adopt regulations as necessary to implement the provisions of this section.
(b) The notice shall:
(1) Be written in simple and readable plain language; and
(2) Contain sufficient detail to fully inform consumers about the rights and remedies available under this subtitle and the procedures to follow to enforce those rights and remedies.
(c) Each dealer that sells a new motor vehicle in the State shall provide to the purchaser, at the time of the sale or delivery of the motor vehicle, a copy of the notice developed by the Motor Vehicle Administration under this section.
§ 14-1503.
(أ)
(1) If a dealer, manufacturer, factory branch, or distributor is required under a judgment, decree, arbitration award, or settlement agreement to accept, or by voluntary agreement accepts, return of a motor vehicle from a consumer, the consumer shall be entitled to recover from the Motor Vehicle Administration the excise taxes originally paid by the consumer, subject to subsection (b) of this section.
(2)
(i) If a dealer, manufacturer, factory branch, or distributor replaces a motor vehicle with a comparable motor vehicle under § 14-1502(c)(1)(i) of this subtitle, the Motor Vehicle Administration shall allow a credit against the excise tax imposed for the replacement vehicle in the amount of the excise taxes originally paid by the consumer for the returned vehicle, subject to subsection (b) of this section.
(ii)
1. If the excise tax on the replacement vehicle exceeds the credit allowed under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph, the dealer shall collect only that portion of excise tax due; or
2. If the excise tax on the vehicle being replaced exceeds the excise tax on the replacement vehicle, the consumer shall be entitled to recover from the Motor Vehicle Administration the excess of the excise tax paid.
(b) The excise taxes that a consumer is entitled to recover under this section shall be calculated based on the amount of the purchase price or any portion of the purchase price of the motor vehicle that the dealer, manufacturer, factory branch, or distributor refunds to the consumer.
(c) A dealer, manufacturer, factory branch, or distributor who is required under a judgment, decree, arbitration award, or settlement agreement to accept, or who accepts, by voluntary agreement, return of a motor vehicle shall notify the consumer in writing that the consumer is entitled to recover the excise taxes from the Motor Vehicle Administration.
§ 14-1504.
(a) A violation of this subtitle shall be an unfair and deceptive trade practice under Title 13 of the Commercial Law Article.
(b) In addition to any other remedies that may be available under this subtitle, if a manufacturer, factory branch, or distributor is found to have acted in bad faith, the court may award the consumer damages of up to $10,000.
August 31, 2006 at 11:33 am · Filed under Lemon Laws
Items that are covered under Massachusetts Lemon Law
Vehicles, except those used primarily for business purposes, off-road vehicles, auto homes and motorized bicycles. (م)
Massachusetts Lemon Law may apply if the following has occurred
3 repair attempts – 15 busines days out of service
Length of time or miles before the Massachusetts Lemon Law runs out
1 year or 15,000 miles, whichever occurs first.
Lemon Law in Massachusetts
Chapter 90: Section 7N – Voiding contracts of sale.
Section 7N. Notwithstanding any disclaimer of warranty, a motor vehicle contract of sale may be voided by the buyer if the motor vehicle fails to pass, within seven days from the date of such sale, the periodic staggered inspection at an inspection station licensed pursuant to section seven W; provided, that the defects which are the reasons for the failure to issue a certificate of inspection were not caused by the abusive or negligent operation of the motor vehicle or by damage resulting from an accident or collision occurring after the date of the sale; and provided, further, that the cost of repairs necessary to permit the issuance of a certificate of inspection exceeds ten per cent of the purchase price of the motor vehicle.
In order to void a motor vehicle sale under this section the buyer shall, within fourteen days from the date of sale, notify the seller of his intention to do so, deliver the motor vehicle to the seller, provide the seller with a written statement signed by an authorized agent of such inspection station stating the reasons why the motor vehicle failed to pass the safety or combined safety and emissions inspection and an estimate of the cost of necessary repairs. The buyer shall be entitled to a refund of his purchase price unless the buyer and seller agree in writing that the seller may make the necessary repairs at his own cost and expense within a reasonable period of time thereafter. This section shall apply only to motor vehicles purchased for the immediate personal or family use of the buyer.
Chapter 90: Section 7N¼ – Express warranty by dealer of used motor vehicle; issuance; consumer's rights and remedies.
Section 7N¼ (1) For the purposes of this section the following words shall have the following meanings:–
“Business day”, Monday to Friday, inclusive, except for state or federal holidays.”Consumer”, a buyer, other than for purposes of resale, of a motor vehicle, any person to whom such motor vehicle is transferred during the period of any express or statutory warranty under this section applicable to such motor vehicle, and any other person entitled by the terms of such warranty to enforce its obligations.”Dealer”, any person engaged in the business of selling, offering for sale, or negotiating the retail sale of used motor vehicles or selling motor vehicles as broker or agent for another, including the officers, agents and employees of such person and any combination or association of dealers, but not including a bank or other financial institution, or the commonwealth, its agencies, bureaus, boards, commissions, authorities, nor any of its political subdivisions. A person shall be deemed to be engaged in the business of selling used motor vehicles if such person has sold more than three used motor vehicles in the preceding twelve months. “Motor vehicle” or “vehicle”, any motor vehicle as defined in section one, sold or replaced by a dealer or manufacturer, except that it shall not include auto homes, vehicles built primarily for off-road use or any vehicle used primarily for business purposes.
“Private seller”, any person who is not a dealer and who offers to sell or sells a used motor vehicle to a consumer.
“Purchase price”, the total of all payments made for the purchase of a vehicle, including but not limited to any finance charges, registration fees, payments made for credit life, accident, health, and damage insurance, and collision and related comprehensive insurance coverages and service contracts and the value of a trade-in.
“Repurchase price”, the purchase price, as defined above, less any cash award that was made by the dealer in an attempt to resolve the dispute and was accepted by the consumer, and less any refunds or rebates to which the consumer is entitled, plus any incidental damages not previously reimbursed, including but not limited to the reasonable costs of towing from point of breakdown up to thirty miles to obtain required repairs or to return the vehicle under this section, and the reasonable costs of obtaining alternative transportation during the applicable warranty period after the second day following each such breakdown not to exceed fifteen dollars vehicle rental charges for each day in which the cost of such alternative transportation is reimbursable.
“Used motor vehicle” or “used vehicle”, any vehicle driven more than the limited use necessary in moving or road testing a new vehicle prior to delivery to a consumer, including a demonstrator vehicle, except that it shall not include auto homes, vehicles built primarily for off road use, motorcycles, or any vehicle used primarily for business purposes.
(2)
(A) (i) No used motor vehicle shall be sold in the commonwealth by a dealer to a consumer unless accompanied by an express written warranty covering the full cost of both parts and labor necessary to repair any defect that impairs the said used motor vehicle's safety or use; provided, however, that the consumer may be required to pay no more than one hundred dollars total toward the repair of any covered defect, series of defects or combination of defects during the warranty period. Defects that affect only appearance shall not be deemed to impair safety or use for the purposes of this section. For the purposes of this section, defect shall include defect, malfunction or any combination or defects or malfunctions.(ii) Defects or malfunctions which involve parts or components that are covered or are warranted under an express warranty issued by the dealer of the used motor vehicle shall be excluded from this section if the following conditions have been met: the manufacturer's warranty has been duly assigned or transferred to the buyer; is enforceable according to its terms; is not inconsistent with this section; and, the seller has assured that the repair authorized by such manufacturer's express warranty was made.The terms of the seller's warranty shall be tolled for any period of time the used motor vehicle is out of service by reason of repair under the manufacturer's warranty.
(B) The express warranties required by this section shall be of the following durations:
(i) For a used motor vehicle which, at the time of sale, has been operated less than forty thousand miles, ninety days or three thousand seven hundred and fifty miles, whichever occurs first. Said ninety days or three thousand seven hundred and fifty mile warranty is in addition to any right the consumer may have under section seven N?.(ii) For a used motor vehicle which, at the time of sale, has been operated forty thousand miles or more, but less than eighty thousand miles, sixty days or two thousand five hundred miles, whichever first occur.(iii) For a used motor vehicle which, at the time of sale, has been operated eighty thousand miles or more, but less than one hundred and twenty-five thousand miles, thirty days or one thousand two hundred and fifty miles, whichever first occur. (iv) If the used motor vehicle's true mileage is not known, such warranty period shall be determined by the age of said used motor vehicle in the following manner: a used motor vehicle three years old or less shall have a warranty as provided in clause (i); a used motor vehicle more than three, but less than six years old, shall have a warranty as provided in clause (ii); and a used motor vehicle six years old or more shall have a warranty as provided in clause (iii). A used motor vehicle's age shall be determined by subtracting its model year from the year in which the warranty holder purchased said used vehicle.
(C) The warranty periods established by this section shall be tolled during any period in which the used motor vehicle is out of service as a result of any repair attempt pursuant to any warranty created by this section. The applicable warranty period shall be extended thirty days from the date of completion of any repair required by this section as to the defect repaired if the warranty would otherwise have expired during such period.
(3)
(A) A dealer may repair, within the meaning of this section, either by performing the repair himself or by arranging and making payment for prompt repair by another. (i) A consumer shall return a vehicle for repair under this section by presenting it to the dealer no later than five business days after the expiration of the applicable warranty period and informing him of the defect. Said return period shall be tolled during any time period in which the consumer has notified the dealer of the defect but cannot reasonably present the vehicle to the dealer; including, but not limited to, the reason that a used motor vehicle is inoperable and the dealer refuses to pay the charge to tow said vehicle. The dealer shall immediately accept return of a vehicle when it is so presented. Said used motor vehicle shall be deemed out of service commencing the day it is so presented, notwithstanding any dealer's failure to accept its return on said day. During the applicable warranty period and the aforesaid return period, the dealer shall pay the reasonable costs of towing from point of breakdown up to thirty miles to obtain required repairs or to return the vehicle to the dealer.Upon return of the used motor vehicle to the consumer after repair, the dealer shall provide the consumer with a warranty repair receipt describing (a) the defect complained of, (b) the work performed in an attempt to correct such defect and the identity of the repairer if it is not the dealer, and (c) the parts replaced in performing such work. For the dealer to toll the ten business day period as provided in clause (ii) of this paragraph said dealer shall attach to each such warranty repair receipt copies of such order forms, invoices, receipts or other evidence of a parts order and its receipt to evidence his compliance with this paragraph.(ii) If the dealer fails to repair the same defect within three attempts, or if the used motor vehicle is out of service for more than a cumulative total of ten business days after the consumer has returned it to the dealer for repair of the same, then the dealer shall accept return of the vehicle from the consumer and refund the full repurchase price, less a reasonable allowance for use. A reasonable allowance for use shall be fifteen cents for each mile the used motor vehicle has been operated between its sale and the dealer's repurchase. A consumer shall have the option of retaining the use of any vehicle returned under the provisions of this section until such time as said consumer has been tendered a full refund. The use of any vehicle retained by a consumer after its return to a manufacturer under the provisions of this section, shall, in instances in which a refund is tendered, be reflected in the above-mentioned reasonable allowance for use.
A used motor vehicle shall not be considered out of service for purposes of the ten business-day period described hereinabove for any day in which a part necessary to repair a defect complained of is not in the dealer's possession; provided, however, that the dealer has ordered the part by reasonable means on the same day on which he knew or should have known that the part was necessary, except that in no event shall a part's unavailability operate to toll the ten business-day period for more than twenty-one days. The applicable warranty period shall be extended by the number of days a part is unavailable.
(iii) All dealers shall submit to state-certified, used car arbitration, if such arbitration is requested by the consumer, asserting his or her right to a repurchase under this section, within six months from the date of original delivery to such consumer of a used motor vehicle. State-certified, used car arbitration shall be performed by a professional arbitrator or arbitration firm appointed by the secretary of consumer affairs and business regulation and operating in accordance with the regulations promulgated pursuant to this section, and shall result in a written finding of whether the motor vehicle in dispute meets the standards set forth by this section for vehicles that are required to be repurchased. Said finding shall be issued within forty-five days of receipt by said secretary of a request by a consumer for state-certified arbitration under this section. Said secretary shall promulgate rules and regulations governing the proceedings of state-certified, used car arbitration which shall promote their fairness and efficiency. Such rules and regulations shall include, but not be limited to, a requirement of the personal objectivity of each such arbitrator, and the protection of the right of each party to present its case and to be in attendance during any presentation made by the other party.
If a motor vehicle is found by state-certified, used car arbitration to have met the standards set forth by this section for vehicles required to be repurchased, and if the dealer who sold said motor vehicle is found to have failed to provide said refund as required, such dealer shall, within twenty-one days from the issuance of such finding, deliver such refund, including the incidental and other costs set forth in the definition of “repurchase price” or appeal the finding in a district or superior court. No such appeal by a dealer shall be heard unless the petition for such appeal is filed with the clerk of the district or superior court within twenty-one days of issuance of the finding of the state-certified arbitration and is accompanied by a bond in a principal sum equal to the money award made by the state-certified arbitrator plus five hundred dollars for anticipated attorneys' fees, secured by cash or its equivalent, payable to the consumer.
The liability of the surety of any bond filed pursuant to this section shall be limited to the indemnification of the consumer in the action. Such bond shall not limit or impair any right of recovery otherwise available pursuant to law, nor shall the amount of the bond be relevant in determining the amount of recovery to which the consumer shall be entitled.
Upon an appeal, the court shall vacate the award only if:
(a) the award was procured by corruption, fraud or other undue means;(b) there was evident partiality by an arbitrator or corruption in any of the arbitrators, or misconduct prejudicing the rights of any party; or(c) the arbitrators exceeded their powers.
In addition to any other rights and remedies, any consumer dissatisfied with any finding of state-certified, used car arbitration shall have the right to file a claim pursuant to chapter ninety-three A.In addition to any other recovery, any prevailing consumer shall be awarded reasonable attorneys' fees and costs.
Whoever, within twenty-one days of any finding in favor of the consumer of the state-certified, used car arbitration, fails to appeal such finding and does not deliver a refund shall be punished by a fine of fifty dollars per day until the delivery of such refund. Said fine shall not exceed five hundred dollars for each such violation. The amount of said fine shall begin to accumulate on the twenty-second day following the arbitration decision. If eighty-one days has elapsed from the issuance of a finding in favor of the consumer of the state-certified, used car arbitration, and no appeal has been taken and no award delivered and no fine paid, the attorney general shall initiate proceedings against dealer for failure to pay said fine. The proceedings initiated pursuant to the provisions of this section shall be commenced in superior court department of the trial court.
In addition to the remedies hereinbefore provided, the attorney general may bring an action on behalf of the commonwealth to restrain further violation of this section, to enforce any provision, and for such other relief as may be appropriate.
(iv) At any time within the applicable warranty period and after a consumer has complained of a defect, notwithstanding any objection from the consumer, the dealer shall have the option of repurchasing a used vehicle and refunding the full repurchase price, less a reasonable allowance for use. A reasonable allowance for use shall be fifteen cents for each mile the used motor vehicle had been operated between its sale and the dealer's repurchase.
(v) If the dealer is required to or elects to repurchase a vehicle under the terms of this section, the consumer and dealer shall cooperate with each other to execute all necessary documents in order to clear the title of any encumbrances on the repurchased vehicle.
(B) It shall be an affirmative defense to any claim under this section that an alleged defect (i) does not impair the vehicle's use or safety, (ii) is the result of owner negligence, abuse, damage caused by accident, vandalism, or, an attempt to repair the vehicle by a person other than the dealer, the dealer's designee, or the manufacturer's representative under clause (ii) of paragraph (A) of subsection (2), (iii) is the result of any attempt by the consumer to modify the vehicle, (iv) was covered or warranted under an express warranty issued by the manufacturer of such used motor vehicle, that such warranty issued by the manufacturer of such used motor vehicle was in effect during the warranty period established by this section, so long as the conditions in said clause (ii) of said paragraph (A) of said subsection (2) are met.
(4) Clear and conspicuous notice of the warranties created by this section, of the rights pertaining thereto, and of the implied warranty of merchantability shall be given to the consumer in writing at the time the consumer purchases a used motor vehicle from the dealer. Failure to provide such notice shall toll the warranty periods under this section until such notice is given.(5) The secretary of consumer affairs and business regulation shall promulgate rules and regulations to implement the notice provisions of this section. Said rules and regulations shall include the establishment of wording, format, placement, and distribution of all notices specified in this section. In her discretion, and in order to facilitate ease of understanding by consumers, said secretary may consolidate the notices required by this section and any other notices pertaining to the purchase of motor vehicles; provided, however, that such consolidation does not render the notices inconsistent with any of the provisions of this section or any other law. Each notice required by this section shall describe the procedures available to redress violations of this section and shall contain the telephone number of the attorney general's consumer protection division complaint section and the executive office of consumer affairs and business regulation.
(6) A dealer's failure to comply with any of the provisions of this section shall constitute an unfair or deceptive act under the provisions of chapter ninety-three A.
(7) Notwithstanding any provisions of law to the contrary, this section shall not apply to any used motor vehicle sold by a dealer to a consumer for less than seven hundred dollars.
(8) A private seller shall clearly disclose to any prospective buyer, before the sale is completed, all defects the seller knows of which impair the used motor vehicle's safety or substantially impair its use. Failure to so disclose known defects shall entitle the buyer, within thirty days after the sale, to rescind the sale and be entitled to return of all monies paid to the seller less a reasonable amount for use as defined in clause (iv) of paragraph (A) subsection (3). In any subsequent action by a buyer under this section, if the court finds that the settlement offer was unreasonable in light of the circumstances or that the private seller has otherwise failed to comply with the requirements of this subsection, in addition to damages, it shall award the buyer reasonable attorneys' fees and costs; if the court finds that the buyer's action was frivolous or not in good faith, it shall award the seller reasonable attorneys' fees and costs. It shall be an affirmative defense in any such action that an alleged defect does not impair the vehicle's safety, or substantially impair its use, or that it is the result of the buyer's negligence, abuse, damage caused by accident, vandalism or attempt to modify the vehicle.
(9) Nothing in this section shall be construed in any way to limit the enforceability of any implied warranties created by law, any rights created by section seven N or seven N?, or chapter ninety-three A or any rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto, or express warranties given by a dealer in connection with the sale of a used motor vehicle, or any other rights or remedies available to consumers under applicable law.
(10) If a consumer is eligible for relief under the provisions of section seven N?, to have repairs effected or other relief provided under the provisions of an express warranty covering such used motor vehicle issued by the manufacturer of such used motor vehicle, said consumer shall make reasonable effort in accordance with the terms and conditions thereof to obtain such relief or repairs before seeking enforcement of rights under this section. If the consumer, notwithstanding his eligibility to do so, is unable to enforce rights under said section seven N? or under such express warranty and the dealer provides such relief or, in accordance with the provisions of this section, repurchases such used motor vehicle, the dealer shall be subrogated to the rights of such consumer against such manufacturer under the provisions of said section seven N?, such express warranty and otherwise in accordance with applicable law, and may enforce the same in his name in the superior court or district court department. Such manufacturer shall hold the dealer harmless from and against all damages, liabilities, losses and reasonable expenses of suit, including reasonable attorneys' fees arising out of or incurred by the dealer by its compliance with the provisions of this section if such manufacturer, having been notified in writing by the dealer that such rights have been asserted by a consumer, fails to resolve the same at its own expense in or within seven business days.
(11) The licensing authorities responsible pursuant to section fifty-nine of chapter one hundred and forty for licensing used motor vehicle dealers shall distribute copies of this section to each dealer licensed at any time a license is granted or renewed.
(12) The provisions of this section shall not apply to the sale of a leased vehicle by a lessor to the lessee of said vehicle, a family member or employee of said lessee or to the sale of a used motor vehicle by an employer to his employee.
(13) Any action brought pursuant to this section shall be commenced within two years of the date of original delivery of the used motor vehicle to the consumer. (Added by 1987, 289, Sec. 1.)
Chapter 90: Section 7N½. Defective or malfunctioning new motor vehicles; sale and repair or replacement.
Section 7N½. (1) For purposes of this section the following terms shall have the following meanings:
“Business day”, any day during which the service departments of authorized dealers of the manufacturer of the motor vehicle are normally open for business.”Consumer”, a buyer or lessee, other than for purposes of resale, of a motor vehicle, any person to whom such motor vehicle is transferred during the duration of any express or implied warranty applicable to such motor vehicle, and any other person entitled by the terms of such warranty to enforce its obligations.”Dealer”, any class one seller of motor vehicles as defined in section fifty-eight of chapter one hundred and forty. “Lessee”, any person who acquires the right to possession of and use of a motor vehicle under a lease agreement for a term of not less than one year.
“Manufacturer”, any person who is engaged in the business of manufacturing motor vehicles, or, in the case of motor vehicles not manufactured in the United States, any person who is engaged in the business of importing motor vehicles.
“Motor vehicle” or “vehicle”, any motor vehicle as defined in section one sold, leased or replaced by a dealer or manufacturer after the effective date of this section, except that it shall not include auto homes, vehicles built primarily for off-road use or any vehicle used primarily for business purposes.
“Nonconformity”, any specific or generic defect or malfunction, or any concurrent combination of such defects or malfunctions that substantially impairs the use, market value or safety of a motor vehicle.
“Term of protection”, one year or fifteen thousand miles of use from the date of original delivery of a new motor vehicle, whichever comes first; or, in the case of a replacement vehicle provided by a manufacturer to a consumer under this section, one year or fifteen thousand miles from the date of delivery to the consumer of said replacement vehicle, whichever comes first.
(2) If a motor vehicle does not conform to any applicable express or implied warranty, and the consumer reports the nonconformity to the manufacturer of the vehicle, its agent or its authorized dealer during the term of protection, the manufacturer, its agent or its authorized dealer shall effect such repairs as are necessary to conform the vehicle to such warranty.If the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer does not conform the motor vehicle to any such applicable express or implied warranty by curing any nonconformity after a reasonable number of attempts, the manufacturer shall accept return of the vehicle from the consumer. In instances in which a vehicle is sold and subsequently returned, the manufacturer shall refund the full contract price of the vehicle including all credits and allowances for any trade-in vehicle, less any cash award that was made by the manufacturer in an attempt to resolve the dispute and was accepted by the consumer, and a reasonable allowance for use, or shall offer to replace the vehicle. In instances in which a vehicle is leased and subsequently returned, the manufacturer shall refund all payments made by the consumer to the manufacturer under the terms of the lease agreement less any cash award that was made by the manufacturer in an attempt to resolve the dispute and was accepted by the consumer, and a reasonable allowance for use, or shall offer to replace the vehicle. The consumer shall have an unqualified right to reject a manufacturer's offer of replacement and demand a refund. In instances in which a vehicle is replaced by a manufacturer under the provisions of this section, said manufacturer shall reimburse the consumer for any fees for the transfer of registration or any sales tax incurred by the consumer as a result of such replacement. In instances in which a leased vehicle is replaced by a manufacturer under the terms of this section, an identical model vehicle shall be provided to the consumer for the remaining term of the original lease agreement. In instances in which a vehicle which was financed by the manufacturer or its subsidiary or agent is replaced under the provisions of this section, said manufacturer, subsidiary or agent shall not require the consumer to enter into any refinancing agreement which would create any financial obligations upon such consumer beyond those implied by the original financing agreement. In instances in which a vehicle which was leased from a dealer or manufacturer is replaced under the provisions of this section, said dealer or manufacturer shall not require the consumer to enter into any lease agreement which would create any financial obligations upon such consumer beyond those implied by the original lease agreement. In instances in which a refund is tendered under the provisions of this section, the manufacturer shall also reimburse the consumer for incidental costs including sales tax, registration fee, finance charges and any cost of options added by an authorized dealer. Whenever a vehicle is replaced a refund is given under the provisions of this section, in instances in which towing services and rental vehicles were not made available at no cost to the consumer, the manufacturer shall also reimburse the consumer for towing and reasonable rental costs that were a direct result of vehicle nonconformity. Refunds shall be made to the consumer and lienholder, if any, as their interests may appear. A reasonable allowance for use for all motor vehicles other than motorcycles shall be obtained by multiplying the total contract price of the vehicle, or in the case of a leased vehicle the total amount of payments made by the consumer to the manufacturer under the terms of the lease agreement, by a fraction having as its denominator one hundred thousand and having as its numerator the number of miles that vehicle traveled prior to the manufacturer's acceptance of its return. A reasonable allowance for use for motorcycles shall be obtained by multiplying the total contract price of the motorcycle by a fraction having as its denominator twenty-five thousand and having as its numerator the number of miles that the vehicle traveled prior to the manufacturer's acceptance of its return.
It shall be an affirmative defense to any claim under this section: (i) that an alleged nonconformity does not substantially impair the use, market value or safety of the vehicle; (ii) that a nonconformity is the result of owner negligence, damage caused by accident, vandalism, or attempt to repair the vehicle by a person other than the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer; or (iii) that a nonconformity is the result of any attempt substantially to modify the vehicle which was not authorized by the manufacturer.
A consumer shall have the option of retaining the use of any vehicle returned under the provisions of this section until such time as said consumer has been tendered a full refund or a replacement that is acceptable to the consumer. The use of any vehicle retained by a consumer after its return to a manufacturer under the provisions of this section, shall, in instances in which a refund is tendered, be reflected in the above mentioned reasonable allowance for use.
(4) A reasonable number of attempts shall be deemed to have been undertaken to conform a motor vehicle to any applicable express or implied warranties if (a) the same nonconformity has been subject to repair three or more times by the manufacturer or its agents or authorized dealers within the term of protection, but such nonconformity continues to exist or such nonconformity has recurred within the term of protection, or (b) the vehicle is out of service by reason of repair of any nonconformity for a cumulative total of fifteen or more business days during the term of protection; provided, however, that the manufacturer shall be afforded one additional opportunity, not to exceed seven business days, to cure any nonconformity arising during the term of protection, notwithstanding the fact that such additional opportunity to cure commences after the term of protection. Such additional opportunity to cure shall commence on the day the manufacturer first knows or should have known that the limits specified in clause (a) or (b) have been met or exceeded. The term of protection, said fifteen business day period and said additional opportunity to cure shall be extended by any period of time during which repair services are not available to the consumer as a direct result of a war, invasion, fire, flood or other natural disaster. The term of protection, said fifteen business day period and said additional opportunity to cure shall also be extended by that period of time during which repair services are not available as a direct result of a strike; provided, however, that the manufacturer, its agent, or authorized dealer provides or makes provision for the free use of a vehicle to any consumer whose vehicle is out of service by reason of repair during a strike. The burden shall be on the manufacturer to show that any event claimed as a reason for an extension under the provisions of this paragraph was the direct cause for the failure of the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer to cure any nonconformity during the time of said event. Extensions for concurrent events shall not be cumulative.
(5) Nothing in this section shall be construed as imposing any liability on an authorized dealer or creating any cause of action by a consumer against a dealer under the provisions of this section.
Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the rights or remedies which are otherwise available to a consumer or manufacturer under any other applicable provision of law.
Nothing in this section shall be construed as imposing any liability on a dealer or creating a cause of action by a manufacturer against its authorized dealer under this section except with respect to (i) failure by an authorized dealer to properly effect preparation, installation of options or repairs when such preparation, installation of options or repairs would have prevented the occurrence of or cured a nonconformity; (ii) express warranties offered by an authorized dealer which exceed the provisions of the manufacturer's express warranties; and (iii) that portion of the cost of reimbursing a consumer for dealer-added options which represents the dealer profit from the addition of such options. The manufacturer shall reimburse its authorized dealer for all incidental and consequential damages, including attorney's fees, incurred by such dealer as a direct result of any legal action brought by a consumer under this section.
No consumer shall be required by any manufacturer, its agent or its authorized dealer to give notice directly to a manufacturer of the existence of any nonconformity before resorting to state-certified, new car arbitration.
No motor vehicle that is returned to the manufacturer under the provisions of this section shall be resold in the commonwealth without clear and conspicuous written disclosure of the fact that it was so returned prior to resale of the vehicle. The attorney general shall prescribe the exact form and content of any such disclosure statement.
(6) All manufacturers shall submit to state-certified, new car arbitration, if such arbitration is requested by the consumer within eighteen months from the date of original delivery to such consumer of a new motor vehicle. State-certified, new car arbitration shall be performed by a professional arbitrator or arbitration firm appointed by the secretary of consumer affairs and business regulation and operating in accordance with the regulations promulgated pursuant to this section, and shall result in a written finding of whether the motor vehicle in dispute meets the standards set forth by this section for vehicles that are required to be replaced or refunded. Said finding shall be issued within forty-five days of receipt by said secretary of a request by a consumer for state-certified arbitration under this section. Said secretary shall promulgate rules and regulations governing the proceedings of state-certified, new car arbitration which shall promote their fairness and efficiency. Such rules and regulations shall include, but not be limited to, a requirement of the personal objectivity of each arbitrator in the results of the dispute he will hear, and the protection of the right of each party to present its case and to be in attendance during any presentation made by the other party. All findings of fact issuing from a state-certified, new car arbitration shall be taken as prima facie evidence of whether the standards set forth in this section for vehicles required to be refunded or replaced have been met in any subsequent action brought by either party ensuing from the matter considered in said arbitration.
If a motor vehicle is found by state-certified, new car arbitration to have met the standards set forth by this section for vehicles required to be replaced or refunded, and if the manufacturer of said motor vehicle is found to have failed to provide said refund or replacement as required, such manufacturer shall, within twenty-one days from the issuance of such finding, deliver such refund or replacement, including the incidental and other costs set forth in subsection (3), or appeal the finding in superior court. No appeal by a manufacturer shall be heard unless the petition for such appeal is filed with the clerk of the superior court within twenty-one days of issuance of the finding of the state-certified arbitration and is accompanied by a bond in a principal sum equal to the money award made by the state-certified arbitrator plus two thousand five hundred dollars for anticipated attorneys' fees, secured by cash or its equivalent, payable to the consumer.
The liability of the surety of any bond filed pursuant to this section shall be limited to the indemnification of the consumer in the action. Such bond shall not limit or impair any right of recovery otherwise available pursuant to law, nor shall the amount of the bond be relevant in determining the amount of recovery to which the consumer shall be entitled. In the event that any state-certified arbitration, resulting in an award of a refund or replacement, is upheld by the court, recovery by the consumer shall include continuing damages in the amount of twenty-five dollars per day for each day, subsequent to the day the motor vehicle was returned to the manufacturer pursuant to subsection three, that said vehicle was out of use as a direct result of any nonconformity not issuing from owner negligence, accident, vandalism, or any attempt to repair or substantially modify the vehicle by a person other than the manufacturer, its agent or authorized dealer; provided, however, that the manufacturer did not make a comparable vehicle available to the consumer free of charge. In addition to any other recovery, any prevailing consumer shall be awarded reasonable attorneys' fees and costs. If the court finds that the manufacturer did not have any reasonable basis for its appeal or that the appeal was frivolous, the court shall double the amount of the total award made to the consumer. Any consumer dissatisfied with any finding of state-certified, new car arbitration shall have the right to file a claim pursuant to chapter ninety-three A.
(6A) A clear and conspicuous listing of the rights of the consumer under this section shall be affixed by a sticker to a window of each new motor vehicle offered for sale or lease in the commonwealth. An enumeration of these rights shall also be provided along with ownership manual materials. The form and manner of these notices shall be prescribed by the secretary of consumer affairs and business regulations.
(7) Failure to comply with any of the provisions of this section shall constitute an unfair or deceptive act under the provisions of chapter ninety-three A. The failure of a manufacturer either to abide by the decision of a state-certified arbitration or to file a timely appeal shall entitle any prevailing consumer to an award of no less than two times the actual damages, unless said manufacturer can prove that such failure was beyond his control. For the purposes of said chapter ninety-three A, the timely delivery by a manufacturer of a refund or acceptable replacement, pursuant to a finding by state-certified arbitration, shall constitute the granting of relief upon demand.
The secretary of consumer affairs and business regulation shall inform the office of the attorney general of any method, act or practice of which she is aware that is deemed by her to be a violation of any provision of this section.
(8) Whoever, within twenty-one days of any finding in favor of the consumer of the state-certified, new car arbitration, fails to appeal such finding and does not deliver a refund or replacement vehicle or notify the consumer of the estimated delivery date of the replacement vehicle, shall be punished by a fine of five thousand dollars per day until the delivery of such refund or replacement. The estimated delivery date shall not exceed sixty days from the date the manufacturer notifies the consumer that a delivery will be made. Said fine shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars for each such violation. The amount of said fine shall begin to accumulate on the twenty-second day following the arbitration decision. If eighty-one days has elapsed from the issuance of a finding in favor of the consumer of the state-certified, new car arbitration and no appeal has been taken and no award delivered and no fine paid, the attorney general shall initiate proceedings against said manufacturer for failure to pay said fine. The proceedings initiated pursuant to the provisions of this section shall be commenced in superior court department of the trial court.
In addition to the remedies hereinbefore provided, the attorney general may bring an action on behalf of the commonwealth to restrain further violation of this section, to enforce any provision, and for such other relief as may be appropriate.
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